02a: Anatomy Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 02a: Anatomy Deck (28)
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1
Q

Where does the foregut end and midgut begin?

A

Mid-duodenum

2
Q

Liver, gallbladder, and spleen are considered part of (fore/mid/hind)-gut. Arterial supply to this area is primarily from (X) and venous drainage primarily via (Y).

A

Foregut;

X = celiac trunk
Y = splenic and gastric veins
3
Q

T/F: the entire colon (ascending, transverse, descending) is considered part of hindgut.

A

False - considered midgut up to middle of transverse colon

4
Q

Arterial supply to midgut is primarily via (X) artery and drainage via (Y) vein.

A

X = Y = superior mesenteric

5
Q

Arterial supply to hindgut is primarily via (X) artery and drainage via (Y) vein.

A

X = Y = inferior mesenteric

6
Q

Venous drainage of (X) portions of GI tract drain to liver via (Y).

A
X = ALL
Y = hepatic portal system (via hepatic portal vein)
7
Q

List common branches off celiac trunk.

A
  1. Splenic a.
  2. L. Gastric a.
  3. Common hepatic a.
8
Q

Which arteries supply small curvature of stomach? And large curvature?

A

Small: L and R gastric
Large: L and R gastro-omental; AND short gastric aa

9
Q

Scenic artery supplies which areas of foregut? Via which branches?

A
  1. Greater curvature and posterior wall of stomach (L gastro-omental, posterior and short gastric aa)
  2. Spleen (Splenic)
  3. Pancreas (dorsal pancreatic a)
10
Q

(SMA/IMA) and associated veins/branches are within the mesentery.

A

Both

11
Q

Marginal artery of Drummond is important because it connects (X). It’s located in which portion of the (fore/mid/hind)-gut?

A

X = SMA and IMA

Junction/transition between transverse and descending colon

12
Q

Portocaval anastamoses may occur in patients with (X) condition. List the three ways these can present.

A

X = portal hypertension

  1. Caput medusae
  2. Esophageal varices
  3. Internal hemorrhoid
13
Q

List the primary tributaries to the portal vein.

A

Splenic, SMV, IMV

14
Q

All blood entering liver will enter through (X) squad, composed of (Y) structures.

A

X = portal triad

Y = hepatic a proper, portal v, bile duct

15
Q

The hepatoduodenal ligament is home to which structures?

A

Portal triad! (Hepatic a proper, portal v, bile duct)

16
Q

T/F: clamping the hepatoduodenal ligament leads to preventing vascular blood flow into and out of liver.

A

False - flow our of liver via hepatic veins directly into IVC, not through the ligament/portal triad

17
Q

Each branch of hepatic portal vein (drains/supplies) (1/2/3) segments of liver. Each branch of bile duct (drains/supplies) (1/2/3) segments of liver. Each branch of hepatic vein (drains/supplies) (1/2/3) segments of liver.

A

Supplies 1 segment;
Drains 1 segment;
Drains 2 segments

18
Q

Hepatic artery proper forms from (X) when (Y) branches off.

A
X = common hepatic a
Y = gastroduodenal a
19
Q

List branches off proper hepatic a.

A
  1. R gastric a
  2. L and R hepatic aa
  3. Cystic (off R hepatic)
20
Q

Calot’s Triangle, aka (X), is formed by which three borders? It typically contains (Y).

A

X = cystohepatic triangle

  1. Inferior border of liver
  2. Cystic duct (and medial gallbladder)
  3. Common hepatic duct

Y = cystic a

21
Q

Origin of SMA and SMV emerges (anterior/posterior) to (X) of pancreas and passes (superficial/deep) to (Y) of pancreas.

A

Posterior;
X = neck
Superficial
Y = uncinate process

22
Q

SMA vessels, after passing pancreas, lie (superficial/deep) to which structure(s)?

A

Superficial;

3rd part of duodenum and L renal vein

23
Q

SMA Syndrome is a result of compression/blockage of (X) by (Y).

A
X = duodenum
Y = SMA (against aorta)
24
Q

Nutcracker syndrome is a result of compression of (X) by (Y). What’s the key clinical consequence of this compression?

A
X = L renal vein
Y = SMA (against aorta)

Renal venous hypertension

25
Q

What are the symptoms of Nutcracker syndrome?

A
  1. Blood in urine (Hematuria)
  2. Flank pain
  3. Varicocele (enlarged scrotal veins)
26
Q

Leinorenal ligament is found between (X) structures and it contains (Y) vessel(s).

A
X = left kidney and spleen
Y = splenic
27
Q

Gastrosplenic ligament is found between (X) structures and it contains (Y) vessel(s).

A
X = stomach and spleen
Y = short gastric and L gastro-omental
28
Q

Leinorenal ligament made from (lesser/greater) omentum. Gastrosplenic ligament made from (lesser/greater) omentum.

A

Greater; greater