1 - Female Physiology Flashcards

1
Q

name 5 components of repro system?

A
uterus 
fallopian tubes (2)
ovaries (2)
cervix
vagina
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

place of plantation of fertilised egg?

A

uterus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

relation of vagina to uterus?

A

vagina is a way for the uterus to communicate externally

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

2 features of the SURFACE of the ovaries?

A
  • connective tissue capsule

- covered with simple cuboidal epithelium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

2 features of the CORTEX of the ovaries?

A
  • connective tissue

- contains primordial follicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

2 features of the MEDULLA of the ovaries?

A
  • connective tissue

- blood vessels

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

order of structure of ovaries?

A

OUTSIDE —> INSIDE -

surface
cortex
medulla

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

2 functions of ovaries?

A
  • oocyte production

- steroid hormone production

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

describe the production of oocytes - how many and how they progress as a woman ages?

A
  • 1 mature egg/ menstrual cycle
  • ~400 in life
  • finite - decrease as woman gets older
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

describe steroid hormone production of the ovaries? (3)

A
  • oestrogen
  • progesterone
  • 50% of testosterone production
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

function of progesterone produced by the ovaries?

A

prepares endometrium for implantation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

function of oestrogen produced by the ovaries?

A

develops female 2y sexual characteristics

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what occurs in foetal life as part of oogenesis?

A

primordial germ cell mitosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

when do primordial follicles develop?

A

mitosis - in foetal life only

1st meiotic division starts and STOPS until puberty

1st and 2nd meiotic divisions - at puberty

2nd meiotic division - complete after fertilisation of oocyte with sperm

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

why do primordial follicles’ 1st meiotic division pick up in puberty?

A

FSH and LH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

effects of FSH and LH on primordial follicles?

A

resumes meiosis and converts them to 1y and 2y follicles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

2 phases of follicular development stages?

A

preantral and antral phases

18
Q

how many chromosomes (n)during oogenesis?

A

mitosis - 46 n
meiosis - 23 n

start - 46n
middle -23n
end - 46n

19
Q

what is unique about oestrogen secretion in females?

A

+ve feedback

20
Q

describe the action of the hypothalamus in hormone secretion?

A

secretes GnRH

21
Q

action of GnRH?

A

acts on anterior pituitary - promotes secretion of FSH and LH

22
Q

what secretes the FSH and LH?

A

the anterior pituitary

23
Q

action of FSH and LH?

A

acts on the ovary to secrete oestrogen and progesterone

24
Q

action of oestrogen and progesterone?

A

acts on uterus

25
Q

GnRH?

A

Gonadotrophin releasing hormone

26
Q

name the 2 gonadotrophins?

A

FSH and LH

27
Q

what do gonadotrophins control?

A

the ovarian cycle

28
Q

what do the 2 steroid hormones control?

oestrogen and progesterone

A

coordinate the menstrual cycle

29
Q

when are steroid hormones released?

A

during ovarian cycle

30
Q

which steroid hormones create -ve feedback control?

A

oestrogen and progesterone

31
Q

what does both the -ve and +ve hormonal feedback on repro system act on?

A

anterior pituitary and hypothalamus

32
Q

how long is average menstrual cycle?

A

28 days

33
Q

when does +ve feedback of oestrogen occur?

A

mid-cycle (days 12-14)

34
Q

result of +ve feedback of oestrogen?

A

increases GnRH and LH

35
Q

effects of +ve feedback of oestrogen?

A

LH surge —> ovulation

36
Q

what symbolises start of new menstrual cycle?

A

progesterone and oestrogen decrease

37
Q

effects of LH surge?

A

follicle releases 2y oocyte

  • > follicle becomes corpus luteum
  • > start of luteal phase
38
Q

what does corpus luteum secrete?

A

progesterone (+ some oestrogen)

39
Q

when does corpus albicans appear?

A

@ ~day 28:

if fertilisation does not take place - corpus luteum becomes corpus albicans

40
Q

hormone secretion at stage of corpus albicans?

A

oestrogen and progesterone decreases