21) Labour and its Problems Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 21) Labour and its Problems Deck (15)
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1
Q

What is labour?

A

Physiological process by which a fetus is expelled form uterus

2
Q

What are the purpose of uterine contractions?

A

Dilate cervix

Push fetus through birth canal

3
Q

How does the fetus contribute to labour?

A

Fetal glucocorticoids inhibit progesterone

Fetal oxytocin produced

4
Q

What can be used to dilate the cervix, if required clinically?

A

Synthetic oxytocin

5
Q

When can the size of the ‘passenger’ be an issue?

A

Gestational diabetes

6
Q

Where is the inlet narrowest?

A

Obstetric conjugate

7
Q

Where is the outlet narrowest?

A

Between ischial tuberosities

8
Q

When can the number of the ‘passengers’ be an issue?

A

Twins, can get abnormal presentation

9
Q

Give examples of some fetal presentations:

A

Brow, face, cephalic, frank breech, full breech, single footling breech

10
Q

What are some common causes of maternal mortality?

A

Pre-eclampsia
Post-partum haemorrhage
Obstructed labour
Unsafe abortion

11
Q

What are some other methods of delivery that aren’t vaginal delivery?

A

Caesarean section
Forceps delivery
Vacuum extraction

12
Q

What factors control bleeding during labour?

A

Powerful contractions of uterus constrict vessel in myometrium
Pressure exerted on placental site by walls of contracted uterus
Pro-thrombotic state

13
Q

What is the latent stage of labour?

A

Onset of labour with slow cervical dilation to 4cm

14
Q

What is the active stage of labour?

A

Faster rate of cervical change, 1.2cm per hour, regular contractions

15
Q

When can ‘passenger’ lie be an issue?

A

If transverse