2.7 (P1) Cell Division Flashcards Preview

AQA GCSE - Biology > 2.7 (P1) Cell Division > Flashcards

Flashcards in 2.7 (P1) Cell Division Deck (16)
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1
Q

Are chromosomes normally in pairs or not?

A

In pairs

2
Q

What are chromosomes made from?

A

DNA

3
Q

What are genes?

A

Short sections of DNA

4
Q

Why do cells divide?

A

To repair and grow

5
Q

What has to happen before the cell can divide?

A

Copies of genetic material has to be made

6
Q

What are the two types of cell division?

A

Mitosis

Meiosis

7
Q

Describe mitosis

A

Copies of the genetic material are made

The cell divides once to form two genetically identical body cells

8
Q

What are the properties of mitosis?

A

One cellular division
Produces diploid body cells (homologous - in pairs)
Produces genetically identical daughter cells

9
Q

Describe meiosis

A

Copies of the genetic material are made

Then the cell divides twice to form 4 gametes, each with a single set of chromosomes

10
Q

What are the properties of meiosis?

A

Two cellular division
Produces gametes (haploid)
Leads to variation
Only has one chromosome from the original pair

11
Q

What happens at fertilisation?

A

Gametes join to make a single body cell with new pairs of chromosomes

12
Q

What are cells called that are undifferentiated?

A

Stem cells

13
Q

When do most animal cells differentiate?

A

At an early stage in development

14
Q

Where can you get stem cells from?

A

Bone marrow

Embryonic stem cells

15
Q

What are the benefits of using embryos as stem cells?

A

Prevent children transferring disease
Cure diseases
Help conditions like paralysis
Grow organs instead of donors

16
Q

What are the drawbacks of using embryos as stem cells?

A

Unethical as life at conception
Expensive
Against God’s will
Most still in research phase