4.3 Other Disorders of Hemostasis Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 4.3 Other Disorders of Hemostasis Deck (14)
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1
Q

What is the cause of heparin induced thrombocytopenia?

A

Platelet destruction arises secondary to heparin therapy because of the formation of heparin-PF4 complexes that result in the creation of antibodies that can be directed against platelets.

2
Q

What is a feared complication of HIT?

A

Thrombosis due to the fragments of destroyed platelets activating aggregation of other platelets

3
Q

What are the cause and effects of disseminated intravascular coagulation?

A

Pathologic activation of the coagulation cascade leads to widespread micro thrombi that can cause ischemia and infarction. This will consume many platelets.

4
Q

What are some diseases that can lead to DIC?

A

DIC is almost always secondary. Examples of primary causes are:

  • Sepsis
  • Cancer
  • Rattlesnake Bite
5
Q

What happens to the platelet levels in DIC?

A

Decreased platelet count

6
Q

What happens to PT in DIC?

A

Increased

7
Q

What happens to APTT in DIC?

A

Increased

8
Q

What happens to the levels of fibrinogen in DIC?

A

Decreased fibrinogen

9
Q

What is the main lab indication of DIC?

A

Elevated D-dimer

10
Q

What is the general cause of disorders of fibrinolysis?

A

Overactive plasmin will cause excessive fibrinogen lysis

11
Q

What are the 3 functions of plasmin?

A
  1. Cleaves fibrin and cleaves fibrinogen
  2. Destroys coagulation factors
  3. Blocks platelet aggregation
12
Q

What is the main inactivator of plasmin?

A

alpha2-antiplasmin

13
Q

How can you tell plasmin overactivity (fibrinolysis disorder) from DIC?

A

DIC will have elevated levels of D-dimer

14
Q

What is the main treatment of fibrinolysis disorders?

A

Aminocaproic Acid. It blocks activation of plasmin.

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