6.07 Failures of memory Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in 6.07 Failures of memory Deck (15)
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1
Q

the most likely fate of old memories

A

they will be changed or altered, but not lost

2
Q

the idea that memories are reconstructed from the information stored during encoding, and that they can change when we retrieve them

A

constructive processing

3
Q

memory researcher who has found evidence supporting the idea of constructive processing and the misinformation effect

A

Elizabeth Loftus

4
Q

tendency to falsely believe that we would have accurately predicted an outcome, a feeling that we “knew it all along”

A

hindsight bias

5
Q

inaccurate memories that occur when people are exposed to information after an event

A

false memories

6
Q

occurs when misleading information becomes part of our actual memory

A

misinformation effect

7
Q

the creation of false memories through the suggestion of others, often while one is under hypnosis

A

false-memory syndrome

8
Q

in people with dementia, these are stories made up, but not intended to trick others

A

confabulations

9
Q

people with this condition can remember everything and are unable to forget

A

hyperthymesia

10
Q

his forgetting curves traced the decline of memory over time; he also found that distributed practice was more effective than massed practice

A

Hermann Ebbinghaus

11
Q

failure to process information into memory; often happens when we glance at something too quickly to remember it

A

encoding failure

12
Q

a physical change in the brain that occurs when a memory is formed

A

memory trace

13
Q

the disappearance of a memory trace that is not used

A

decay

14
Q

tendency to allow previously learned material to interfere with the learning of new material

A

proactive interference

15
Q

tendency to allow newer information to interfere with the retrieval of older information

A

retroactive interference