A&P Chapter 10 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in A&P Chapter 10 Deck (45)
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1
Q

Origin

A

fixed end

proximal portion of muscle

2
Q

Insertion

A

mobile end

Distal end of muscle

3
Q

Belly

A

portion between origin and insertion.

4
Q

Action

A

movement accomplished when contracted

5
Q

Agonist

A

muscle that does certain movements

6
Q

Antagonist

A

muscle that opposes agonist

7
Q

Synergist

A

muscles working together for a movement

8
Q

Pennate

A

Fasciculi arranged around tendon

9
Q

Straight

A

fasciculi arranged parallel to long axis

10
Q

Orbicular

A

arranged in a circular around the opening.

11
Q

Flexion

A

muscles deep within the neck along the anterior margins of the vertebral bodies.

12
Q

Extension

A

posterior neck muscles attach attached to occipital bone.

13
Q

Rotation and Abduction

A

lateral and posterior groups.

14
Q

occipitofrontalis

A

raises the eyebrows

15
Q

orbicularis oculi

A

closes the eyelids

16
Q

zygomaticus major

A

smiling

17
Q

Mentalis

A

chin dimple

18
Q

Mastication

A

chewing

19
Q

Tongue movement

A

Intrinsic muscles: entirely within the tongue, involved in changing the shape of the tongue.
Extrinsic muscle: attached to the tongue; moves the tongue.

20
Q

Palatopharyngeus

A

elevates the pharynx

21
Q

Salpingopharyngeus

A

constricts pharynx to force food into esophagus.

opens to auditory tube between pharynx and inner ear.

22
Q

Scalene

A

lifts 1st and 2nd ribs during forced breathing.

23
Q

External Intercostals

A

lift ribs during resting breathing

24
Q

Internal Intercostals

A

depress ribs during forced exhalation

25
Q

Diaphragm

A

dome shaped muscle that flattens during contraction. Cannot survive without it and phrenic nerve.

26
Q

Linea Alba

A

vertical line of connective tissue

27
Q

Tendinous intersection

A

transects rectus abdominus into segments.

28
Q

External abdominal obliques

A

flexes and rotates abdomen

29
Q

Internal abdominal obliques

A

flexes and rotates abdomen

30
Q

Transversus abdominus

A

compresses abdominal wall.

31
Q

Pelvic Diaphragm

A

coccygeus and levator ani(reproduction)

32
Q

Perineum

A

diamond shaped; urogenital triangle and anal triangle.

33
Q

Extension of the Elbow

A

triceps brachii

34
Q

Flexion of the elbow

A

brachialis, biceps brachii, and brachioradialis

35
Q

supination

A

supinator (up)

36
Q

pronation

A

pronator(down)

37
Q

Retinacula

A

bands of deep fascia, which hold tendons of muscles of forearm, blood vessels, and nerves.close to wrist.

38
Q

Illiopoas

A

Flex the hip. Consists of illiacus and psoas major.

39
Q

Gluteus maximus

A

buttocks; maximus force at a 45 degree angle.

40
Q

Quadriceps Femoris

A

anterior surface of thigh

  • extension of the leg of the knee
  • rectus femoris also flexes the hip
  • insert by common tendonon and around the patella
  • patellar tendon extends from patella to tibial tuberosity.
41
Q

Sartorius

A

flexes the hip and knee, laterlly rotates thigh.

42
Q

Medial thigh muscles

A

adduction

43
Q

posterior thigh muscle

A

hamstrings. Flexion and rotation of the knee.

44
Q

Calf

A

Gastrocnemious and soleus

45
Q

Achilles tendon

A
Calcaneal tendon (anchored)
- involved in plantar flexion of the foot.