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Pulmonology > Acid-Base > Flashcards

Flashcards in Acid-Base Deck (13)
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1
Q

What are normal pH levels?

A

7.35-7.45

2
Q

what are normal PO2 levels?

A

80-100 mmHg

3
Q

What are normal PCO2 levels?

A

35-45 mmHg

4
Q

What are normal HCO3 levels?

A

22-26

5
Q

pH less than 7.35 (excess CO2) is caused by:

A

HYPOVENTILATION = Hypercapnia

6
Q

pH greater than 7.45 (not enough CO2) is caused by:

A

HYPERVENTILATION = hypocapnia

7
Q

How do you differentiate between respiratory or metabolic disorders if acidotic?

A

Metabolic - HCO3 < 22

Respiratory - PCO2 >45

8
Q

If the pH is >7.45, it is alkalotic. If PCO2 is 33 mmHg and HCO3 is 22. Is this respiratory or metabolic?

A

RESPIRATORY, CO2 is too high

9
Q

Anion gap is highly suggestive of:

A

metabolic acidosis

10
Q

Acute respiratory failure is associated with:

A

severe acidosis

11
Q

Chronic respiratory acidosis is generally seen in patients with:

A

underlying lung disease, such as COPD

12
Q

The most common cause of respiratory alkalosis:

A

Hyperventilation syndrome

13
Q

What is bicarb and what does it do?

A

Dissolved CO2 is almost exclusively in the form of HCO3-. Therefore, the CO2 blood test is really a measure of your blood bicarbonate level. Kidneys excrete or retain bicarb to maintain pH