Alcohol - a nutritionists perspective Flashcards
How does food influence peak BAC and metabolism?
Food slows gastric emptying
Feeding increases portal blood flow causing faster metabolism
Slower and prolonged absorption phase increases first pass metabolism in liver
Where is thiamine found?
Cereals, beans, nuts, yeast and meat
What is thiamine needed for?
Phosphorylated in the gut to active coenzyme form, important in ATP production, normal nerve conduction and maintenance of neural membranes
Why are thiamine levels reduced in chronic alcohol abuse?
Poor intake, decreased conversion to coenzyme, reduced storage in fatty liver, inhibited intestinal absorption, increased metabolic demand
What is dry beri beri?
Nervous system - polyneuropathy, weakness, numbness, paralysis, usually lower limbs
What is wet beri beri?
CV system - increased HR, SOB, high output cardiac failure
What does a deficiency of folate and B12 result in?
Megaloblastic anaemia
What does a deficiency in niacin result in?
Pellagra - Delirium, dermatitis (photosensitive), diarrhoea, death
What does a deficiency in vit A result in and what is the mechanism of vit A deficiency?
The storage and synthesis of retinol binding protein is reduced leading to night blindness
What does a deficiency of calcium lead to?
Increased urinary excretion of Ca can result in osteoporosis
What cancers have an increased incidence with alcohol consumption?
Breast Bowel Liver Mouth/throat Oesophageal and stomach
What is foetal alcohol spectrum disorders?
Abnormal appearance, stunting, low body weight, poor coordination
Low intelligence, behaviour problems
Sight and hearing problems
What is foetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)?
Physical, mental and behavioural problems
Small eye openings
Smooth philtrum
Thin upper lip
