Alkylating Cytostatics Flashcards Preview

Oncology > Alkylating Cytostatics > Flashcards

Flashcards in Alkylating Cytostatics Deck (5)
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1
Q

General characteristics

A
  • Non phase specific. Covalent bonds with nucleophilic substances (esp. Guanine) -> crosslinks -> inhib. Replication & transcription.
  • Leukemia’s, Lymphomas, Multiple myelomas, Sarcomas.
  • AE: BM suppression, Alopecia, GIT disturbances, Impaired gametogenesis.
  • Cytotoxic & mutagenic -> risk of Acute Leukemia
2
Q

Melphalan

A
  • Nitrogen Mustard.
  • Releases 2 Cl- to form reactive compound
  • Multiple Myeloma. Po/IV.
  • AE: Nausea, vomiting, Oral ulcers, BM suppression.
3
Q

Cyclophosphamide, Ifosfamide

A
  • Prodrugs -> CYP450 -> phosphoramide mustard that interact with DNA.
  • Broad spectrum: Burkitts lymphoma, NHL, Breast cancer. Also in Nephrotic syndrome and RA.
  • AE: Myelosuppression, Hemorrhagic cystitis, Neurotoxicity
4
Q

Lomustine, Carmustine

A
  • Can cross BBB -> Brain & meningeal tumors.

- AE: Severe cumulative myelosuppression

5
Q

Busulfan

A
  • BM selective. Decreases granulocytes+thrombocytes in low doses, RBC in high doses.
  • Chronic granulocytic leukemia
  • AE: Pulmonary fibrosis