Allergy and Immunology Flashcards Preview

USMLE Step 3 MN > Allergy and Immunology > Flashcards

Flashcards in Allergy and Immunology Deck (21)
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1
Q
  • hemodynamic instability (hypOtension/tachycardia)
  • difficulty breathing
  • d/t foods, insect stings/bites, medications
A

anaphylaxis

2
Q

anaphylaxis treatment

A
  1. epinephrine 1:1,000 INTRAMUSCULAR
  2. corticosteroids
  3. diphenhydramine or hydroxyzine
3
Q
  • sudden swelling of face, palate, tongue, and airway
  • minor trauma to face and hands, or ingestion of ACE inhibitor
  • C1 esterase inhibitor DEFICIENCY
A

angioedema

4
Q

diagnosis of angioedema

A

low levels of C2 and C4 in complement pathway

5
Q

treatment for angioedema: ACUTE episode

A

FRESH FROZEN PLASMA

6
Q

treatment for angioedema: CHRONIC episodes

A
  • ecallantide, or icatibant = DOC

- danazol, or stanozolol (androgens)

7
Q
  • nasal itching
  • stuffiness
  • rhinorrhea
  • paroxysms of sneezing
A

allergic rhinitis

8
Q

mainstay treatment for allergic rhinitis

A

avoidance of allergen

9
Q

single most effective treatment for allergic rhinitis

A

intranasal corticosteroids

10
Q

cromolyn MOA

A

stabilize mast cells preventing degranulation of histamine and leukotrienes

11
Q

what MUST be stopped before DESENSITIZATION therapy

A

beta blockers

12
Q
  • may only present as an ADULT
  • recurrent sinopulmonary infections
  • sprue-like abdominal disorder
A

common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)

13
Q

test for common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)

A

total IgG level

will be LOW

14
Q

treatment for common variable immunodeficiency (CVID)

A

IVIG

15
Q
  • male CHILDREN

- recurrent sinopulmonary infections

A

X-linked Agammaglobulinemia (Bruton’s)

16
Q

diagnostic testing for X-linked Agammaglobulinemia (Bruton’s)

A
  1. LN’s, adenoids, and spleen are diminished

2. no B cells = no immunoglobulins

17
Q

treatment for X-linked Agammaglobulinemia (Bruton’s)

A

IVIG

18
Q
  • most common primary immunodeficiency
  • recurrent sinopulmonary infections
  • sprue-like malabsorption syndrome
  • atopy
  • ANAPHYLAXIS WITH BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS
A

IgA deficiency

19
Q

treatment for IgA deficiency

A

treat infections

20
Q

recurrent Staphylococcus skin infections

A

hyper IgE syndrome

21
Q

treatment for IgE syndrome

A

treat infections