Anti-Retroviral Drugs (HIV treatment) Flashcards

1
Q

Abacavir*

A

-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI). Guanosine replacement. -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy, Respiratory*/ fever/rash/GI*-HLA-B 5701 polymorphism*

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2
Q

Didanosine

A

-NRTIs. Adenosine replacement -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/ acidosis, lipoatrophy

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3
Q

Emtricitabine*

A

NRTIs. Cystosine replacement. -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy

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4
Q

Lamivudine*

A

NRTIs. Cytosine replacement -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy -Uses: In pregnancy with Zidovudine

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5
Q

Stavudine

A

NRTIs. Thymidine replacement -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy

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6
Q

Tenofovir*

A

NRTIs. Adenosine replacement -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy, Renal toxicity*

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7
Q

Zidovudine*

A

NRTIs. Thymidine replacement -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy -Uses: In pregnancy with Lamivudine

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8
Q

Rank in order of NRTIs toxicity, one being the most toxic

A

Didanosine>Stavudine>Zidovudine>>>Tenofovir=Lamivudine=Emtricitabine=Abacavir

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9
Q

Delavirdine

A

Non-Nuceoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTI) -K103N mutation -Toxicity: Hepatic

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10
Q

Efavirenz

A

NNRTI SE: Dont use with pregnancy -K103N mutation -Toxicity: Hepatic

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11
Q

Etravirine

A

NNRTI -Works against K103N mutation* -Toxicity: Hepatic

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12
Q

Nevirapine

A

NNRTI -SE: Steven Johnson -K103N mutation -Toxicity: Hepatic -Uses:Single dose to prevent maternal-fetal transmission

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13
Q

Rilpivirine

A

NNRTI Uses: with pregnancy -Toxicity: Hepatic

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14
Q

Preferred regimen in HIV pregnant women

A

Zidovudine/Lamivudine (2 NRTIs) and Lopinavir/ritonavir (2 PIs)

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15
Q

Darunavir*

A

Protease Inhibitor (PI) -SE: Sulfonamides, Liver toxicity -Uses: Multi-drug resistant HIV strains

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16
Q

fosamprenavir*

A

PI -SE: Sulfonamides, lipodystrophy

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17
Q

amprevavir

A

PI

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18
Q

tipranavir

A

PI -BBW: Hepatitis, intracranial hemorrhage -Uses: Multi-drug resistant HIV strains

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19
Q

Atazanavir

A

PI

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20
Q

Lopinavir

A

PI

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21
Q

Fos-amprenavir

A

PI -Pro-drug for amprenavir

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22
Q

idinavir

A

PI -SE: Kidney stones*

23
Q

Nelfinavir

A

PI

24
Q

Saquinavir

A

PI

25
Q

Raltegravir

A

Integrase inhibitor -Low impact on Lipids*

26
Q

Maraviroc

A

-Treatment for those with multi drug resistance -Requires CCR5

27
Q

Enfuvirtide

A

Fusion inhibitor -Injectable

28
Q

-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitor (NRTI). Guanosine replacement. -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy, Respiratory*/ fever/rash/GI*-HLA-B 5701 polymorphism*

A

Abacavir*

29
Q

-NRTIs. Adenosine replacement -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/ acidosis, lipoatrophy

A

Didanosine

30
Q

NRTIs. Cystosine replacement. -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy

A

Emtricitabine*

31
Q

NRTIs. Cytosine replacement -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy -Uses: In pregnancy with Zidovudine

A

Lamivudine*

32
Q

NRTIs. Thymidine replacement -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy

A

Stavudine

33
Q

NRTIs. Adenosine replacement -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy, Renal toxicity*

A

Tenofovir*

34
Q

NRTIs. Thymidine replacement -MOA: inhibition of viral reverse transcriptase -SE:Mitochondrial toxicity, hepatic steatosis/lactic acidosis, lipoatrophy -Uses: In pregnancy with Lamivudine

A

Zidovudine*

35
Q

Didanosine>Stavudine>Zidovudine>>>Tenofovir=Lamivudine=Emtricitabine=Abacavir

A

Rank in order of NRTIs toxicity, one being the most toxic

36
Q

Non-Nuceoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors (NNRTI) -K103N mutation -Toxicity: Hepatic

A

Delavirdine

37
Q

NNRTI SE: Dont use with pregnancy -K103N mutation -Toxicity: Hepatic

A

Efavirenz

38
Q

NNRTI -Works against K103N mutation* -Toxicity: Hepatic

A

Etravirine

39
Q

NNRTI -SE: Steven Johnson -K103N mutation -Toxicity: Hepatic -Uses:Single dose to prevent maternal-fetal transmission

A

Nevirapine

40
Q

NNRTI Uses: with pregnancy -Toxicity: Hepatic

A

Rilpivirine

41
Q

Zidovudine/Lamivudine (2 NRTIs) and Lopinavir/ritonavir (2 PIs)

A

Preferred regimen in HIV pregnant women

42
Q

Protease Inhibitor (PI) -SE: Sulfonamides, Liver toxicity -Uses: Multi-drug resistant HIV strains

A

Darunavir*

43
Q

PI -SE: Sulfonamides, lipodystrophy

A

fosamprenavir*

44
Q

PI

A

amprevavir

45
Q

PI -BBW: Hepatitis, intracranial hemorrhage -Uses: Multi-drug resistant HIV strains

A

tipranavir

46
Q

PI

A

Atazanavir

47
Q

PI

A

Lopinavir

48
Q

PI -Pro-drug for amprenavir

A

Fos-amprenavir

49
Q

PI -SE: Kidney stones*

A

idinavir

50
Q

PI

A

Nelfinavir

51
Q

PI

A

Saquinavir

52
Q

Integrase inhibitor -Low impact on Lipids*

A

Raltegravir

53
Q

-Treatment for those with multi drug resistance -Requires CCR5

A

Maraviroc

54
Q

Fusion inhibitor -Injectable

A

Enfuvirtide