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Flashcards in Anxiety Deck (31)
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1
Q

Anxiety disorders classed in DSM IV

A

Phobias, panic disorder, GAD, OCD, PTSD

2
Q

What does Yerkes-Dodson law suggest about anxiety levels?

A

Too much arousal is overwhelming and is a disorder.

3
Q

How many people have phobic responses?

A

6 in 100

4
Q

How more likely are women than men to develop phobic responses?

A

Twice as likely

5
Q

How many people have a phobia at a clinical level?

A

2 in 100

6
Q

What is evolutionary preparedness?

A

Have evolutionary reasons behind anxiety (e.g. fight or flight)

7
Q

What is the fight or flight response?

A

Evolutionary mechanism which involves primitive brain areas and decision making to help the body prepare to fight or run

8
Q

What happens during fight or flight?

A

Limbic and frontal areas of the brain transmit adrenaline surge, heart races, muscles tense and non0adrenaline is released after a short period and you feel drained

9
Q

What is autonomic lability

A

A predisposition for arousal

10
Q

What did LeDoux say about fear reaction before consciousness?

A

The brain is wired to associate fear with senses witht mediation of the cerebral cortex. They can experience fear before being consciously aware.

11
Q

Which areas of the brain are involved in understanding a threat?

A

Right frontal, limbic and amygdala

12
Q

Classical conditioning

A

Neutral stimulus matched with intrinsically fearful stimulus

13
Q

What is an avoidance loop?

A

Patietns avoid situations where they will see their phobic stimulus and so cannot unlearn the association.

14
Q

How does vicarious conditioning work with phobias?

A

Trans-generational/peer generated. Role modelled, reinforced, media

15
Q

What are the treatments of simple phobia?

A

Systematic desensitisation and flooding

16
Q

What is the psychodynamic explanation of the complex phobia?

A

Phobia is a defence mechanism against a repressed childhood conflict.

17
Q

What is a complex phobia?

A

Develop during adulthood and associated with a deep rooted fear

18
Q

What is psychodynamic treatment for phobia?

A

Explore issues of sexuality and discussion of such issues in family

19
Q

What is the CB treatment for phobia?

A

CBT and family therapy

20
Q

What is GAD?

A

Generalised anxiety disorder- triggered by stressful events, fears over not being able to cope

21
Q

What is OCD?

A

Obsessive compulsive disorder- compulsive behaviours

22
Q

What is panic disorder?

A

Common co-morbidity with other illnesses. Common panic attacks and dears them greatly

23
Q

What is presumed aetiology?

A

known origin

24
Q

What can PTSD stem from?

A

Experiences of threat, one off event, continuous trauma

25
Q

Symptoms of coexisting bimodal reactions?

A

Fight or flight: flashbacks, nightmares

Freeze: avoidance numb

26
Q

How many survivors of the Zeebrugge ferry disaster had PTSD?

A

90%

27
Q

What percentage of civilians in war zones had PTSD?

A

30%

28
Q

What is th lifetime prevalence for PTSD?

A

Men- 5%

Women- 10.4%

29
Q

What do PTSD patients produce higher levels of?

A

Natural opiates which mask pain but lead to blunted emotions

30
Q

People who suffer with anxiety for a few days have what disorder?

A

Acute stress disorder

31
Q

How many people have a TBI in the UK?

A

15 in 100000 people have traumatic brain injury a year