Assessing Developmental Delays Flashcards Preview

Nervous System: Unit I > Assessing Developmental Delays > Flashcards

Flashcards in Assessing Developmental Delays Deck (19)
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1
Q

Ways to assess development

A
  • Parent’s questionnaire
  • Well-child check
  • Denver II
2
Q

Developmental delay vs. Intellectual Disability

A
  • all children w/intellectual disability have developmental delay
    • intellectual disability:
      • present @ childhood
      • IQ at least 2 SD below mean (IQ < 70-75)
      • limitations in >2 adaptive skill areas
  • Not all children with developmental delay have intellectual disability
3
Q

Examples of adaptive skill areas

A
  • communication
  • self care
  • home living
  • social skills
  • community use
  • self direction
  • health safety
  • leisure/work
4
Q

Degrees of Intellectual disability

A
  • Mild = 50-70
  • Moderate = 35-50
  • Severe = 20-35
  • Profound < 2
  • **cannot reliably measure IQ before the age of 5
5
Q

Characteristics of cerebral palsy

A
  • acquired (not genetically predisposed)
    • e.g. stroke or infection
  • non-progressive
  • motor impairment
  • onset: in utero, infancy or early development
6
Q

Types of cerebral palsy

A
  • spastic (70-80%)
    • quadraplegic = all limbs
    • diplegic/paraplegic
    • hemiplegic = single side
  • athetoid/dyskinetic (~20%)
  • ataxia (<10%)
7
Q

Characteristics of Autism

A
  • abnormality in:
    • social interaction
    • social communication
  • w/restriced repertoire of interests, behaviors, and activities
  • delays/abnormal fxn in at least one of the following areas < 3yo:
    • social interaction
    • language
    • symbolic/interactive play
  • spectrum disorder
8
Q

Characteristics of Developmental Disability

A
  • severe, chronic disability in >5yo that:
    • mental or physical impairment or combo
    • mainfests before age 22
    • likely to be indefinite
9
Q

Developmental disability vs. intellectual disability

A
  • DD = umbrella term that includes ID
  • Cerebral palsy = DD, but not ID
10
Q

Types/etiologies of Developmental Disorders

A
  • congenital = @ birth (can be aquired or inherited)
    • CNS malformation
  • genetic/heritable
    • fragile
    • trisomy 21
  • acquired
    • TORCHES = congenital infections
    • perinatal stroke
11
Q

TORCHES =

A
  • toxoplasmosis
  • RSV
12
Q

Examples of congenital developmental disabilities

A
  • CNS malformation
    • malformed cortex
    • neurocutaneous
  • Intrauterine “acquire”
    • infectious
    • toxic
    • stroke
13
Q

Examples of genetic Developmental Disabilities

A
  • single gene disorders
    • PKU
    • Prader-willi/Angelman
    • Fragile X
  • chromosomal
    • intersitions/deletions
    • duplications (Trisomy 21)
14
Q

Examples of acquired/postnatal developmental disabilities

A

• Perinatal

– Asphyxia

– Prematurity/intracranial hemorrhage

– Stroke

• Trauma

– Non-accidental trauma

  • Infectious
  • Nutritional
  • Metabolic

– Hypoglycemia

• Epileptic encephalopathy

15
Q

Developmental disability “practice parameter”

A
  • Hx & PE
  • Metabolic testing
  • Cytogenetic studies
  • Lead/thyroid
  • EEG
  • Neuroimaging
16
Q

Characteristics of Fragile X

A
  • dysmorphic features: long jaw, high forehead
  • initially shy, then friendly and verbose
  • Mutation @ FMR1 gene due to CGG trinucleotide repeat
17
Q

Characteristics of Rett syndrome

A
  • microcephaly
  • ataxia
  • autistic-like
  • hyperventilation
  • seizures
  • X linked MECP2 gene
18
Q

Angelman syndrome characteristics

A
  • wide mouth
  • seizures
  • microcephaly
  • nonverbal
  • happy
  • ataxia
  • hand flapping
  • Chromosome 15q11-13 methylation/deletion
19
Q

Domains of development

A
  • motor
  • language
  • social
  • cofnitive