[B] 1.40 Pathological calcification Flashcards Preview

Pathology A - General Pathology > [B] 1.40 Pathological calcification > Flashcards

Flashcards in [B] 1.40 Pathological calcification Deck (10)
Loading flashcards...
1
Q

Physiological calcification

A

Bones and teeth

  • Ca-phosphate : Ca Carbonate = 9:1
    • Can be reduced (Vit. D deficiency: Ricketts)
    • or enhanced (bone hypertrophy)
2
Q

Pathological calcification

A

Where it should not be

  • Secondary (dystrophic) - after certain changes in the tissues
  • Primary (metastatic) - Due to hypercalcaemia
3
Q

Pathological calcification: Appearance

A
  • Gritty feel
  • Fine greyish-white granules
  • Crepitates when cut
  • Stone-hard appearance
    • Petrification
4
Q

Pathological calcification: Histological investigation

A
  • HE
    • Dark-blue
    • Fine granulation
  • Kossa’s staining
    • Black (AgPO3)
5
Q

Secondary (dystrophic) calcification

A

Frequent in tissues, where regressive/circulatory changes are present

  • Infarcts, old necrotic foci, bacterial foci (TB), necrotic muscle fibres, chronic inflammation of bile ducts
6
Q

Causes of increased calcification process

A
  • Reduced circulation
  • Alkalosis (pH higher than normal)
  • Stopped cellular respiration (decreased CO2 level)
  • Fall in the protective colloids
  • Increased phosphatase activity
7
Q

What is shown?

A

Renal cortical (ischemic) necrosis & mineralisation:

Mineralisation (*) between the necrotic and normal tissue

8
Q

Secondary calcification

A
  • Atherosclerosis (Lipids in the wall of the blood vessels)
    • FA + Ca salts = Calcium-soap
  • Local fat necrosis - Calcificatio
  • Calcification of tubular epithelial cells + excreted by intestinal glands
9
Q

Primary (metastatic) calcification

A
  • Due to hypocalcaemia
    • Generalised disorder of calcium salt metabolism
  • Predisposing factors
    • D-hypervitaminosis, renal failure, local alkaline pH, tumours
  • Lime-metastasis (from bone to other tissues)
    • Hormonal imbalance (High parathormone)
    • Vit. D overdose
    • Lysis of the bones
10
Q
A

Decks in Pathology A - General Pathology Class (85):