[B] 1.78 Melanocytic tumors, the important tumors of nervous tissue. Mixed tumors Flashcards Preview

Pathology A - General Pathology > [B] 1.78 Melanocytic tumors, the important tumors of nervous tissue. Mixed tumors > Flashcards

Flashcards in [B] 1.78 Melanocytic tumors, the important tumors of nervous tissue. Mixed tumors Deck (18)
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1
Q

Melanocytic tumours

A
  • Melanoblast, melanocyte origin
  • Skin & hair follicle
  • Pigment in melanosomes
  • Melanocytoma (Benign)
  • Melanoma (Malignant, but not obvious from the name)
2
Q

Melanocytoma

A
  • Epiderma, derma, adnexal (of uterus)
  • Mainly dogs (Vizsla) & Horse (Arabian)
  • Aged animals
3
Q

Melanoma

A
  • Malignant, aggressive neoplasm
  • Mucocutaneous junction & oral cavity
  • Rarely on hairy skin
  • Mostly in dogs
  • Ranges from: Very pigmented → Amelanotic
4
Q

Benign muscular tumours

A
  • Rhabdomyoma
  • Leiomyoma
  • Cardial rhabdomyoma
5
Q

Rhabdomyoma

A
  • Rhabdomyoblast origin (Skeletal muscle)
  • Larynx
  • Extremely rare
6
Q

Leiomyoma

A
  • Tumour of smooth muscle tissue
  • Dog: Vagina & GI tract
  • Leiomyofibroma occurs (frequent)
7
Q

Malignant muscular tumours

A
  • Rhabdomyosarcoma
  • Leiomyosarcoma
  • Cardial rhabdomyosarcoma
8
Q

Tumours of nervous tissue

A
  • Neoplasms affecting older animals, therefore mostly in Cats & Occurs in CNS and PNS
  • Tight connection between pathology and clinical history
9
Q

List the primary CNS tumours

A
  • Astrocytoma
  • Oligodendroglioma
  • Oligoastrocytoma
  • Ependymal & choroid plexus tumours
  • Medulloblastoma
  • Neuroblastoma
  • Meningioma
10
Q

Astrocytoma

A
  • Subgroup of gliomas
  • Divergent group, many histotypes (Diffuse or well-circumscribed)
  • 15% of all CNS tumours
  • Dogs (brachycephalic)
11
Q

Oligodendroglioma

A
  • Oligodendrocytic origin
  • Well-circumscribed, but infiltrative tumour
  • Dogs (Brachycephalic breeds)
  • Frontal regions of hemispheres
  • Gelatinous
12
Q

Oligoastrocytoma

A
  • Diffusely infiltrative type of glioma
  • Carries characteristics of astrocytoma and oligodendroglioma
13
Q

Medulloblastoma

A
  • Primitive neuroectodermal tumour
  • Affects the cerebellum
  • In older dogs & cats
14
Q

Meningioma

A
  • Originates from meningeal cells
  • Most frequent primary CNS tumour in dogs & cats
  • Boxer & golden retriever
  • Usually solitary, well-circumscribed
  • Also in spinal cord, intradural
15
Q

Primary PNS tumours

A
  • Schwannoma
  • Neurofibroma
  • Malignant nerve sheath tumour
16
Q

Mixed tumours

A
  • Composed by more cell types
  • Pluripotent / totipotent stem cells
  • Goes through on divergent differentiation
  • Canine mammary gland: Benign mixed tumour
  • Teratoma & Teratocarcinoma
17
Q

Canine mammary gland: Benign mixed tumour

A
  • Neoplastic epithelial component:
    • Glandular, tubular: Luminal epithelium
    • +Myoepithelium
    • +Mesenchymal elements
      • Cartilage
      • Bone
18
Q

Teratoma & teratocarcinoma

A
  • From totipotent stem cells
    • (Testicle, ovary)
  • E_cto-, meso-, and endodermal_ components in the tumour

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