B1 1 Diet and Exercise Flashcards Preview

AQA GCSE Science > B1 1 Diet and Exercise > Flashcards

Flashcards in B1 1 Diet and Exercise Deck (15)
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0
Q

What does a balanced diet consist of?

A
  • Carbohydrates
  • Proteins
  • Fats
  • Vitamins
  • Minerals
  • Fibre
  • Water
1
Q

What is the metabolic rate?

A

The chemical reactions that take place in cells.

2
Q

What does malnourishment mean?

A

If you’re malnourished, you don’t have a balanced diet.

3
Q

What is the cause of deficiency diseases?

A

A lack of vitamin and mineral ions.

4
Q

Why do most athletes need a lot of energy?

A

They have a great deal of muscle tissue (muscle to fat ratio) so they need a lot of food to supply the energy that they need.

5
Q

What affects the amount of energy that you need?

A
  • Exercise
  • Metabolic rate
  • Gender
  • Age
  • Temperature
  • Inherited factors
6
Q

What’s the missing word?

In warmer countries, you need to eat … food. This is because you use less energy keeping your body temperature at a steady level.

A

Less.

7
Q

What happens when you take in more energy than you use?

A

The excess is stored as fat.

8
Q

What can fat act as?

A
  • Protection for your internal organs
  • Energy store
  • Insulation
9
Q

Carrying too much weight is inconvenient. Being obese or overweight can lead to many problems.
Name a few:

A
  • Type 2 diabetes
  • High blood pressure
  • Heart disease
10
Q

How can you reduce your weight?

A
  • Cutting back the amount of food you eat. Especially the energy rich foods like biscuits
  • Increase the amount of exercise you do
11
Q

EXAMINER’S TIP

A

The word malnourished can be used to describe people who do not have a balanced diet. They may have too little or too much food, or have a wrong combination of foods.

12
Q

What is cholesterol needed for?

A
  • Cell membranes

* To make vital hormones

13
Q

What do inherited factors affect?

A
  • The proportion of muscle to fat in your body

* The risk of heart disease as they influence the amount of cholesterol in your blood

14
Q

Why does exercise keep you healthy?

A
  • You’re less likely to be overweight as you will be using more energy
  • You’ll have more muscle tissue which will increase your metabolic rate
  • Exercise helps keep the balance between the different types of cholesterol. The levels of good cholesterol goes up whereas the harmful cholesterol levels go down