Back Intrinsic Muscles (not needed for ESA2) Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Back Intrinsic Muscles (not needed for ESA2) Deck (45)
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1
Q

What is another name for the superficial muscles of the back?

A

Spinotransversales.

2
Q

What are the muscles in the superficial intrinsic back muscles?

A

Splenius capitis and splenius cervicus.

3
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the splenius capitis?

A

Nuchal ligaments and spinous processes of C7-T6 vertebrae.

4
Q

What are the distal attachments of the splenius capitis?

A

Fibers run superolaterally to mastoid process of temporal bone and lateral third of superior nuchal line of occipital bone.

5
Q

What is the splenius capitis innervated by?

A

Posterior rami of spinal nerves.

6
Q

What is the arterial supply of the splenius capitis?

A

Deep cervical artery and the posterior intercostal arteries.

7
Q

What is the action of the splenius capitis?

A

Acting alone - laterally flex neck and rotate head to side of active muscles.
Acting together - extend head and neck.

8
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the splenius cervicis?

A

Nuchal ligaments anf spinous processes of C7-T6 vertebrae.

9
Q

What are the distal attachments of the splenius cervicis?

A

Tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C3 or C4 vertebrae.

10
Q

What is the splenius cervicis innervated by?

A

Posterior rami of spinal nerves.

11
Q

What is the arterial supply of the splenius cervicis?

A

Deep cervical artery and the posterior intercostal arteries.

12
Q

What is the action of the splenius cervicis?

A

Acting alone - laterally flex neck and rotate head to side of active muscles.
Acting together - extend head and neck.

13
Q

What are the muscles in the intermediate intrinsic back muscles?

A

Iliocostalis, longissimus and spinalis. Together form the erector spinae.

14
Q

What does the common tendinous origin of the intermediate intrinsic back muscles arise from?

A

Lumbar and lower thoracic vertebrae, sacrum, posterior aspect of iliac crest, and sacroiliac and supraspinous ligaments.

15
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the iliocostalis?

A

Arises by a broad tendon from posterior part of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, sacro-iliac ligaments, sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes, and supraspinous ligament.

16
Q

What are the distal attachments of the iliocostalis?

A

Lumborum, thoracis, cervices, fibers run superiorly to angles of lower ribs and cervical tranverse processes.

17
Q

What is the iliocostalis innervated by?

A

Posterior rami of spinal nerves.

18
Q

What is the arterial supply of the iliocostalis?

A

Deep cervical artery, posterior intercostal arteries, the lumbar arteries.

19
Q

What is the action of the iliocostalis?

A

Acting bilaterally - extend vertebral column and head as back is flexed, control movement via eccentric contraction.
Acting unilaterally - laterally flex vertebral column.

20
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the longissimus?

A

Arises by a broad tendon from posterior part of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, sacro-iliac ligaments, sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes, and supraspinous ligament.

21
Q

What are the distal attachments of the longissimus?

A

Thoracis, cervicis, capitis, fibers run superiorly to ribs between tubercles and angles to transverse processes in thoracic and cervical regions, and to mastoid process of temporal bone.

22
Q

What is the longissimus innervated by?

A

Posterior rami of spinal nerves.

23
Q

What is the arterial supply of the longissimus?

A

Deep cervical artery, the posterior intercostal arteries, the lumbar arteries.

24
Q

What is the action of the longissimus

A

Acting bilaterally - extend vertebral column and head, as back is flexed, control movement via eccentric contraction.
Acting unilaterally - laterally flex vertebral column.

25
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the spinalis?

A

Arises by a broad tendon from posterior part of iliac crest, posterior surface of sacrum, sacro-iliac ligaments, sacral and inferior lumbar spinous processes, and supraspinous ligaments.

26
Q

What are the distal attachments of the spinalis?

A

Thoracis, cervicics, capitis, fibers run superiorly to spinous processes in the upper thoracic region and to cranium.

27
Q

What is the spinalis innervated by?

A

Posterior rami of spinal nerves.

28
Q

What is the arterial supply of the spinalis?

A

Deep cervical artery, posterior intercostal arteries, the lumbar arteries.

29
Q

What is the action of the spinalis?

A

Acting bilaterally - extend vertebral column and head, as back is flexed, control movement via eccentric contraction.
Acting unilaterally - laterally flex vertebral column.

30
Q

What are the muscles in the deep intrinsic back muscles?

A

Semispinalis, multifidus, rotatores.

31
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the semispinalis?

A

Transverse processes, arises from transverse processes of C4-T12 vertebrae.

32
Q

What are the distal attachments of the semispinalis?

A

Spinous processes of more superior vertebrae, thoracis, cervicis, capitis, fibers run superomedially to occipital bone and spinous processes in thoracic and cervical regions, spanning 4-6 segments.

33
Q

What is the semispinalis innervated by?

A

Posterior rami of spinal nerves.

34
Q

What is the arterial supply of the semispinalis?

A

Deep cervical artery, the posterior intercostal arteries, the lumbar arteries.

35
Q

What is the action of the semispinalis?

A

Extension, extends head and thoracic and cervical regions of vertebral column and rotates them contralaterally.

36
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the multifidus?

A

Transverse processes, arises from posterior sacrum, posterior superior iliac spine of ilium, aponeurosis of erector spinae, sacro-iliac ligaments, mammillary processes of lumbar vertebrae, transverse processes of T1-T3, articular processes of C4-C7.

37
Q

What are the distal attachments of the multifidus?

A

Spinous processes of more superior vertebrae, thickest in lumbar region, fibers pass obliquely superomedially to entire length of spinous processes, located 2-4 segments superior to proximal attachment.

38
Q

What is the multifidus innervated by?

A

Posterior rami of spinal nerves.

39
Q

What is the arterial supply of the multifidus?

A

Deep cervical artery, the posterior intercostal arteries, the lumbar arteries

40
Q

What is the action of the multifidus?

A

Extension, stabilises vertebrae during local movements of vertebral column.

41
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the rotatores?

A

Transverse processes, arise from transverse processes of vertebrae, best developed in thoracic region.

42
Q

What are the distal attachments of the rotatores?

A

Spinous processes of more superior vertebrae, fibers pass superiomedially to attach to junction of lamina and transverse process or spinous process of vertebra immediately or 2 segments superior to vertebra of attachment.

43
Q

What is the rotatores innervated by?

A

Posterior rami of spinal nerves.

44
Q

What is the arterial supply of the rotatores?

A

Deep cervical artery, the posterior intercostal arteries, the lumbar arteries.

45
Q

What is the action of the rotatores?

A

Extension, stabilise vertebrae and assist with local extension and rotatory movements of vertebral column, may function as organs of proprioception.