Back Superficial Muscles Flashcards Preview

6. MSK > Back Superficial Muscles > Flashcards

Flashcards in Back Superficial Muscles Deck (31)
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1
Q

What movements are associated with superficial back muscles?

A

Shoulder movements.

2
Q

What movements are associated with intermediate back muscles?

A

Thoracic cage movements.

3
Q

What movements are associated with deep back muscles?

A

Vertebral column movements.

4
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the trapezius?

A

Medial third of superior nuchal line, external occipital proturbence, nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T12 vertebrae.

5
Q

What are the distal attachments of the trapezius?

A

Lateral third of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula.

6
Q

What is the trapezius innervated by?

A

Spinal accessory nerve, and C3, C4 spinal nerves.

7
Q

What is the arterial supply of the trapezius?

A

Transverse cervical artery.

8
Q

What is the action of the trapezius?

A

Descending part of elevates, ascending part depresses, and middle part retracts scapula. Descending and ascending parts act together to rotate the glenoid cavity superiorly.

9
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Spinous processes of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest, and inferior 3 or 4 ribs.

10
Q

What are the distal attachments of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Floor of intertubercular sulcus of humerus.

11
Q

What is the latissimus dorsi innervated by?

A

Thoracodorsal nerve (C6, C7, C8).

12
Q

What is the arterial supply of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Thoracodorsal artery.

13
Q

What is the action of the latissimus dorsi?

A

Extends, adducts, and medially rotates humerus, raises body toward arms during climbing.

14
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the levator scapulae?

A

Posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1-C4 vertebrae.

15
Q

What are the distal attachments of the levator scapulae?

A

Medial border of scapula superior to root of scapular spine.

16
Q

What is the levator scapulae innervated by?

A

Dorsal scapular (C4, C5) and cervical (C3, C4) nerves.

17
Q

What is the arterial supply of the levator scapulae?

A

Transverse cervical artery, ascending cervical artery.

18
Q

What is the action of the levator scapulae?

A

Elevates scapula and rotates its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula.

19
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the rhomboid major?

A

Spinous sprocesses of T2-T5 vertebrae.

20
Q

What are the distal attachments of the rhomboid major?

A

Medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle.

21
Q

What is the rhomboid major innervated by?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5).

22
Q

What is the arterial supply of the rhomboid major?

A

Dorsal scapular artery.

23
Q

What is the action of the rhomboid major?

A

Retract scapula and rotate its glenoid cavity inferiorly, fix scapula to thoracic wall.

24
Q

What are the proximal attachments of the rhomboid minor?

A

Nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7 and T1 vertebrae.

25
Q

What are the distal attachments of the rhomboid minor?

A

Smooth triangular area at medial end of scapula spine.

26
Q

What is the rhomboid minor innervated by?

A

Dorsal scapular nerve (C4, C5).

27
Q

What is the arterial supply of the rhomboid minor?

A

Dorsal scapular artery.

28
Q

What is the action of the rhomboid minor?

A

Retract scapula and rotate is glenoid cavity inferiorly, fix scapula to thoracic wall.

29
Q

What is the cause of accessory nerve damage?

A

Iatrogenic - from medical procedures.

30
Q

What procedures have a high risk of accessory nerve damage?

A

Cervical lymph node biopsy or cannulation of the internal jugular vein.

31
Q

How can the accessory nerve be tested?

A

By testing the trapezius function. Ask the patient to shrug their shoulders.
Also there will be muscle wasting, partial paralysis of the sternocleidomastoid, and an asymmetrical neckline.