Basal Ganglia and Cerebellum

Question 1

What are the three lobes of the cerebellum

Answer 1

Question 2

how does the cerebellum connect to brainstem

Answer 2

3 peduncles:

1. superior
2. middle
3. inferior

Question 3

what other function do the peduncles have

Answer 3

carry tracts in and out of cerebellum

Question 4

what are the 3 layers of the cerebellar cortex

Answer 4

molecular layer (most outer)

purkinje layer

granule cell layer (most inner)

Question 5

if there is a unilateral lesion on a cerebellar hemisphere, what side of the body does it affect

Answer 5

ipsilateral

Question 6

signs of unilateral cerebellar lesion

Answer 6

intention tremor

unsteady gait

Question 7

signs of bilateral cerebellar lesion

Answer 7

like they are drunk:

slowed, slurred speech

bilateral inco-ordination of arms

staggering

widebased gait (cerebellar ataxia)

Question 8

signs of midline cerebellar lesion

Answer 8

disturbance of postural control

preserved limb co-ordination

Question 9

functions of basal ganglia

Answer 9

facilitate purposeful movement

inhibit unwanted movement

posture and muscle tone

Question 10

what forms the striatum

Answer 10

caudate nucleus

putamen

Question 11

what forms lenticular nucleus

Answer 11

putamen

globus pallidus

Question 12

what forms corpus striatum

Answer 12

caudate nucleus

globus pallidus

putamen

Question 13

what are the two parts of the basal ganglia situated under the thalamus

Answer 13

subthalamic nucleus

substantia nigran

Question 14

what do unilateral lesions of basal ganglia cause clinically

Answer 14

affect contralateral side of body

dyskinesias

tremor

chorea

myoclonus