Bone & Joint Infection Flashcards Preview

Musculoskeletal > Bone & Joint Infection > Flashcards

Flashcards in Bone & Joint Infection Deck (21)
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1
Q

What are the 5 characteristics of inflammation which are often also seen in infection?

A
Rubor
Calor
Dolor
Tumor
Functio laesa
2
Q

Empirical antibiotics should be given to the patient to cover the period whilst you are awaiting lab culture results. TRUE/FALSE?

A

FALSE

Don’t start antibiotics until you know what you’re treating

3
Q

What are the most useful blood tests in bone and joint infection?

A

C Reactive protein (CRP)

Plasma viscosity

4
Q

Why is a blood culture not always useful?

A

Not all bone and joint infections cause a bacteraemia/septicaemia

=> nothing will be cultured from the blood

5
Q

What is a Brodie’s abscess and how does this appear on X-Ray imaging?

A

subacute osteomyelitis (usually caused by staph. aureus)

On X-Ray:

  • lytic lesion
  • oval configuration
  • oriented along the long axis of the bone
  • usually in metaphysis
6
Q

What agent is used in bone scans?

A

technetium

7
Q

What infections of bone and joints are the most clinically relevant?

A
Acute osteomyelitis
Chronic osteomyelitis
Septic arthritis
Soft tissue infections
The infected arthroplasty
8
Q

What are the most common causes of osteomyelitis?

A

Mostly post-traumatic/open
= inoculation

Then children or immunosuppressed
= haematogenous

9
Q

What microbe usually causes acute osteomyelitis?

A

Staph aureus

Haemophilus in children

10
Q

If theres pus, let it out. TRUE/FALSE?

A

TRUE!

11
Q

If the skin around a chronic osteomyelitic lesion needs excised, what can be done surgically to improve the rate of recovery?

A

Muscle and skin graft

the blood supply to the muscle allows antibiotic penetration to the wound => healling faster

12
Q

How does septic arthritis usually occur

A

From inoculation
From metaphyseal spread
Direct haematogenous

13
Q

Give examples of soft tissue infection

A

Cellulitis
Plantar fasciitis
Necrotising fasciitis

14
Q

What antibiotics are best used in cellulitis?

A

Staph. and Strep. cover

e.g. flucloxacillin and benzylpenicillin

15
Q

In what cases of soft tissue infections would you operate?

A

Operate if there is dead tissue or foreign body

16
Q

What teams are involved in treatment of chronic osteomyelitis?

A
Orthopaedics
Plastics
Microbiology
Infectious diseases
Nursing
Home iv treatment
17
Q

What questions should you always ask when you suspect a joint replacement infection?

A

Was there ever a wound problem?

Has it ever been pain free?

18
Q

What tests are carried out when there is suspicion of an artificial joint infection?

A

joint aspiration
CRP
Bone scan
X-Ray

19
Q

What is the purpose of a biofilm?

A

To wall off an organism and make itself impenetrable by antibiotics

20
Q

How is infection during surgery minimised?

A

Clean air theatres
Local antibiotics
Systemic antibiotics
Duration of surgery

21
Q

How is prosthetic joint infection specifically minimised?

A
  • Laminar flow
  • 24 hours antibiotics starting with induction
  • Antibiotics in cement

Co-amoxiclav
Flucloxacillin + gentamicin
Clindamycin
Co-trimoxazole