Brachial Plexus Injuries Flashcards Preview

Pediatrics (SE) > Brachial Plexus Injuries > Flashcards

Flashcards in Brachial Plexus Injuries Deck (13)
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1
Q

List 3 types of brachial plexus injuries.

A
  1. Erb’s C5-6
  2. Extended Erb’s C5-C7
  3. Klumpke’s C7-T1
2
Q

Brachial plexus injuries range from _____ to _____.

A

Edema to avulsion

3
Q

True or False: Brachial Plexus injuries are typically bilateral.

A

FALSE

Typically UNILATERAL

4
Q

What is the expected recovery for brachial plexus injuries?

A

Expected recovery except with unrepaired total axonal tear (whole arm 7-8 months)

5
Q

What prognostic indicator is best for recovery from brachial plexus injuries?

A

Prognosis best if biceps is greater than fair grade by 3 months for Erb’s types

6
Q

_____ and _____ are the primary impairments present with brachial plexus injuries.

A

Paralysis

Sensory Loss

7
Q

List 5 secondary impairments associated with brachial plexus injuries.

A
  1. Posturing/contractures
  2. Substitutions/lack of scap/humeral rhythm
  3. GH subluxation/dislocation
  4. Radial head dislocation
  5. Deformity/poor bone growth
8
Q

What 3 things should be assessed when examining patients with possible brachial plexus injuries?

A
  1. Sensation
  2. ROM
  3. Muscle activity
9
Q

What 2 ROM should be assessed specifically?

A
  1. ER with scapula stabilized

2. Scapulohumeral dissociation

10
Q

List 4 things to assess when examining muscle activity.

A
  1. Spontaneous activity and posture
  2. During reflex and reaction testing
  3. Waiter’s tip
  4. Trumpeter’s sign
11
Q

_____ activity precedes clinical evidence of function by several weeks.

A

EMG activity

12
Q

List 6 treatment considerations used to treat brachial plexus injuries.

A
  1. Daily ROM exercises
  2. Stimulation of muscle activity (ES, FES)
  3. Prevent learned nonuse
  4. Prevent deformities
  5. Training effective functional movement
  6. Stimulate motor milestones
13
Q

List 4 surgical procedures used to treat brachial plexus injuries.

A
  1. Microsurgery to repair or graft nerve
  2. Release or transfer (tendon or bipolar)
  3. Osteotomy
  4. Humeral fusion