Calcaneal Fractures Flashcards Preview

Emergency Med/Trauma > Calcaneal Fractures > Flashcards

Flashcards in Calcaneal Fractures Deck (30)
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1
Q

Describe the general population most affected by calcaneal fractures

A

Males between 30 and 50 years of age. Falling from an average height of 14 feet

2
Q

What are the two important radiographic angles to evaluate with calcaneal fractures?

A

Bohler’s

Gissanes

3
Q

What is Bohler’s angle

A

Line from highest point on posterior facet to the highest point on anterior facet
Line from highest point on posterior facet to the highest point on the tuberosity

4
Q

Normal Bohler’s angle

A

25-40

5
Q

What is Gissane’s crucial angle?

A

Angle created by the posterior facet and the anterior/middle facets

6
Q

What is Gissane’s normal angle?

A

120-145

7
Q

Ecchymosis of the medial and plantar foot is called?

A

Mondor’s sign

8
Q

Is the Rowe classification intra or extra-articular?

A

Extra-articular

9
Q

Rowe 1a

A

Fracture of the medial/lateral tubercle

10
Q

Rowe 1b

A

Fracture of the sustentaculum tali

Joint depression

11
Q

Rowe 1c

A

Fracture of the anterior process

MOST COMMON

12
Q

Rowe 2a

A

fracture of the superior portion of the tuberosity

Spares the Achilles tendon insertion

13
Q

Rowe 2b

A

Avulsion fracture of the tuberosity…involves Achilles tendon insertion

14
Q

Rowe 3

A

Fracture of the calcaneal body with OUT STJ

MOST COMMON extra-articular

15
Q

Rowe 4

A

Fracture of the body of the calcaneus that is intra-articular

16
Q

Rowe 5

A

Intra-articular fracture with joint depression and comminution

17
Q

Essex-Lopresti Tongue Type Fracture…explain the primary and secondary fractures

A

Primary fracture is intra-articular separates the sustentaculum tali from the lateral body

Secondary fracture through the tuberosity

18
Q

Essex Lopresti Joint Depression fracture

A

Fracture that divides the calcaneus into the sustentaculum fragment and tuberosity freagment

Lateral wall blow-out

19
Q

Classification system that uses CT scans and 3 fracture lines (ABC)

A

Sanders

20
Q

Sanders Type 1

A

Non-displaced intra-articular fractures

Number of fracture lines doesn’t matter

21
Q

Sanders Type 2

A

2 fracture fragments of the posterior facet

22
Q

Sanders 2a

A

1 fracture line that separates the lateral column from the central

23
Q

Sanders 2b

A

1 fracture line that separates the central column from the medial column

24
Q

Sanders 2c

A

1 fracture line that separates the medial column from the sustentaculum column

25
Q

Sanders type 3

A

Fracture that has 2 lines and 3 fragments featuring a centrally depressed fragment

26
Q

Sanders type 3ab

A

2 lines, 3 fragments

-lateral, central, and medial columns

27
Q

Sanders 3ac

A

2 lines, 3 fragments

-lateral, central/medial, sustentaculum

28
Q

Sanders 3bc

A

2 lines, 3 fragments

-lateral/central, medial, sustentaculum

29
Q

Sanders Type 4 (general)

A

4+ fragments, highly comminuted, joint depression

30
Q

Sanders 4 (explain what columns are present)

A

3 lines, 4 fragments

  • lateral
  • central
  • medial
  • sustentaculum