Calcium balance Flashcards

1
Q

Rachitis

A

malformation (weakness) of bones caused by the lack of vitamin-D that leads to decreased absorption of calcium from the gut during development

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2
Q

osteoporosis

A

weakening of the bones due to a loss of minerals (calcium) and organic components

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3
Q

osteblast

A

bone forming progenitor cell- will be transformed into osteocytes

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4
Q

osteoclast

A

phagocyte digesting bone tissue allowing remodelling of the bone

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5
Q

osteocyte

A

bone cell - osteoblast are transformed into osteocytes; they are located in small cavities within the bone tissue and keep contact with each other through cytoplasmic processes

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6
Q

osteoid tissue

A

organic part of the bone matrix made up by fibers and other components, its mineralization finishes bone formation

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7
Q

remodeling

A

the continuous degradation and rebuilding of the bone tissues

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8
Q

calcification

A

(mineralization) osteoid tissue becomes bone tissue by the precipitation of calcium salts

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9
Q

mineralization

A

(calcification) osteoid tissue becomes bone tissue by the precipitation of calcium salts

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10
Q

ergocalciferol

A

vitamin D2, precursor of calcitriol, a dietary supplement found in certain fish oils and fungi

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11
Q

cholecalciferol

A

vitamin D3 (hormone), precursor, of calcitriol, synthesizied in the skin upon UV irradiation

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12
Q

calcitriol

A

hormone prepared from D2 and D3; increases calcium absorption in the gut and calcium mobilization in the bone, thus increases calcium level in the blood

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13
Q

parathormone

A

hormone of the parathyroid glands; increases calcium reabsorption in the kidneys and calcium mobilization in the bone, thus increasing calcium level in the blood

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14
Q

calcitonin

A

hormone produced by C cells in the thyroid gland; inhibits osteoclast activity, thus decreases calcium level in the blood

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