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Flashcards in Calculations and Conversions Deck (42)
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1
Q

tsp > mL

A

1 tsp = 5 mL

2
Q

Tbsp > mL

A

1 Tbsp = 15 mL

3
Q

oz > mL

A

1 oz = 30 mL

4
Q

Cup > oz

A

1 Cup = 8 oz

5
Q

Kg > lbs

A

1 kg = 2.2 lbs

6
Q

oz > g

A

1 oz = 28.4 g

7
Q

lbs > g

A

1 lbs = 454 g

8
Q

inch > cm

A

1 inch = 2.54 cm

9
Q

grain > mg

A

1 grain (gr) = 65 mg

10
Q

% )w/v)

A

X grams / 100mL

11
Q

ratio strength 0.04%

A

0.04/100 = 1/X X=2500 ratio 1:2500

12
Q

ratio strength 1:4000

A

1/4000 = X/100 X=0.025%

13
Q

parts per million

A

g/100mL = X/1,000,000 ex. 30 ppm = 30/1,000,000 = X g/100 mL

14
Q

specific gravity

A

weight of substance (g) / equal volume of water (mL)

15
Q

dilution and concentration

A

V1 x C1 = V2 x C2

16
Q

osmolarity

A

mOsmol/L = weight (g/L) / MW (g/mol) x # particles x 1,000

17
Q

mols

A

g/MW

18
Q

mmols

A

mg/MW

19
Q

mEq

A

(mg x valence charge) / MW

20
Q

BMI

A

kg/m^2 or lbs/in^2 x 703

21
Q

BMI classifications

A

<18.5 underweight
18.5-24.9 normal
25-29.9 overweight
30+ obese

22
Q

CrCl

A

(140-age) x weight kg / (72 x SCr) x0.85 if female

23
Q

IBW

A

male: 50 + 2.3(inches over 5’)
female: 45.5 + 2.3 (inches over 5’)

24
Q

fluid needs

A

1,500 mL + (20mL)(kg-20)

generally 30-40 mL/kg/day

25
Q

corrected Calcium

A

serum Ca + (4 - albumin)(0.8)

26
Q

Anion Gap

A

AG = Na - Cl - HCO3

normal: 12 or less
high: >12

27
Q

pH calculations

A

weak acid: pH=pKa + log(salt/acid)

weak base: pH= pKa + log(base/salt)

28
Q

nutritional requirements (dietary intake)

A

1g protein = 4 kcal
1g carbs = 4 kcal
1g fat = 9 kcal

29
Q

ANC

A

WBC x [ (%segs + %bands) / 100]

30
Q

Adjusted Body Weight

A

used if TBW is 1.3xIBW

AdjBW = IBW + 0.4(TBW=IBW)

31
Q

weight to use for CrCl

A

if TBW < IBW, use TBW

if TBW 1.3xIBW or more, use AdjBW

32
Q

calculating dosing based on renal function

A

calculate BMI
determine weight for CrCl based on BMI
calculate weight
calculate CrCl

33
Q

nutritional needs (TPN)

A
dextrose 3.4 kcal/g
glycerol 4.3 kcal/g
IV fat 10%: 1.1 kcal/g
IV fat 20%: 2 kcal/g
IV fat 30%: 3 kcal/g
amino acids: 4 kcal/g
34
Q

basal energy expenditure

A

15-25 kcal/kg

35
Q

nutrition intake

A

protein: 1-2g/kg/day
nitrogen: 1g N for every 6.25g protein
nitrogen: g protein intake/6.25

36
Q

Flow Rates

A

calculate units per mL: 25,000/250mL = 100units/mL

calculate infusion rate: 1,000 units/hr x 1 mL/100 units = 10mL/hr

37
Q

Arterial Blood Gas

A

pH <7.35 acidosis, pH >7.45 alkalosis
resp. acidosis: elevated pCO2
resp. alkalosis: decreased pCO2
if CO2 and HCO3 are abnomral: compensated
ex. low pH, low CO2, high HCO3 = compensated metabolic acidosis

38
Q

Acid Base Chemistry

A

acids donate protons, bases accept protons
pH>pKa: more of the acid is ionized
pH=pKa: equal parts ionized
pH

39
Q

Potassium (K)

A

K is main INTRACELLULAR ion. think Kin

normally: 3.5-5

40
Q

Calcium (Ca)

A

Ca is main EXTRACELLULAR ion. think: Grandma’s cats are mainly outside
normally: 8.5-10.5

41
Q

Calcium supplements

A

Ca carbonate: acid-dependent absorption, take with meals - 40% Ca
Ca citrate: independent absorption, w/ or w/o food, 21% Ca
Ca acetate: is a phosphate binder, do not use for Ca replacement

42
Q

Calculating LDL

A

LDL = TC - HDL - (TG/5)