Cerebellum Flashcards

1
Q

What are the functions of the cerbellum?

A

it ensures smooth and coordinated goal directed movement, helps maintain posture, and helps maintain balance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does the cerebellum work with to ensure smooth and coordinated goal directed movement?

A

the cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What does the cerebellum work with to help maintain posture?

A

reticular formation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What does the cerebellum work with to help maintain balance?

A

vestibular system

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is the nodulus?

A

a part of the vermis that is connected to the flocculus via the flocculonodular peduncle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is the function of the nodulus?

A

it works to modify the vestibular nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What do all cerebellar inputs and outputs go through?

A

the peduncles

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What does the cerebellum receive input from?

A

cerebral cortex, brainstem motor centers, and proprioceptors

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What proprioceptors does the cerebellum receive information from?

A

spinocuneocerebellar tract, dorsal spinocerebellar tract, and ventral spinocerebellar trect

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What are the inputs from the cerebellum processed in?

A

the cerebellar cortex

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which peduncle do cerebellar outputs go through?

A

the rostral peduncle

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What does most of the output from the cerebellum come from?

A

three cerebellar nuclei (on each side of the cerebellum)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Is the output from the cerebellar nuclei excitatory or inhibitory?

A

excitatory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Aside from the cerebellar nuclei, where does cerebellar output come from?

A

direct output from the cortex of the flocculonodular lobe to the vestibular nuclei

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What do purkinje cells in the cerebellum do?

A

they inhibit the cerebellar nuclei; the more activity the more inhibition

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are the cerebellar modules and what part of the cerebellum are they associated with?

A

pontocerebellar - cerebellar hemisphere
spinocerebellar - vermis
vestibulocerebellar - nodulus, flocculonodular peduncle, and flocculus

17
Q

What is the cerebellums effect on the vestibular nuclei?

A

it is inhibitory

18
Q

What is an examble of a unilateral cerebellar lesion that causes cerebellar and vestibular signs?

A

paradoxical vestibular syndrome

19
Q

What happens when there is something wrong with the pontocerebellar module?

A

lack of coordination of flexor and extensor muscles, ataxia, and hypermetria

20
Q

What is ataxia?

A

uncoordinated movement

21
Q

What is hypermetria?

A

when movements are too big

22
Q

What occurs when there is something wrong with the spinocerebellar module?

A

impaired control of postural maintenance (wide stance) and impaired control of timing and force of limb muscle contraction (dysmetria and intention tremor)

23
Q

What is cerebellar hypoplasia?

A

underdevelopment of the cerebellum

24
Q

What can cause cerebellar hypoplasia?

A

viral infection during in utero development such as canine herpes virus, feline panleukopenia virus, and bovine viral diarrhea

25
Q

What is cerebellar abiotrophy?

A

when purkinje cells die

26
Q

What can cause inflammation in the cerebellum?

A

canine distemper virus

27
Q

What toxins can cause cerebellar disease?

A

ethylene glycol, organophosphates, and pyrethroids

28
Q

What intoxicants can cause cerebellar disease?

A

ethanol