Ch 26 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Ch 26 Deck (40)
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1
Q

Intramolecular bonds hold

A

Atoms together as molecules

2
Q

Intramolecular bonds include

A

Covalent and ionic bonds

3
Q

Lithium bonds to form how many valence electrons

A

Two

4
Q

Beryllium bonds to form how many valence electrons

A

Four

5
Q

Boron bonds to form how many valence electrons

A

Six

6
Q

Elements beyond the second row can

A

Expand octets to include more than eight electrons

7
Q

Ionic compounds form crystal lattices consisting of

A

Arrays of positive and negative ions

8
Q

Ionic compounds have high melting and boiling points due to

A

Strong electrostatic forces between the ions

9
Q

Ions can conduct electricity in what state?

A

Liquid / aqueous

10
Q

Covalent bonds have low melting points and can’t

A

Conduct electricity in the liquid or aqueous states

11
Q

What features characterize covalent bonds?

A

Bond length and bond energy

12
Q

What is bond order?

A

The number of shared electron pairs between two atoms

13
Q

What is the average distance between the two nuclei of atoms in a bond

A

Bond length

14
Q

A triple bond is shorter than

A

Double bond

15
Q

A double bond is shorter than

A

Single bond

16
Q

Bond energy is the energy

A

Required to separate two bonded atoms

17
Q

The strength of a bond (and bond energy) increases as the

A

Number of shared electron pairs increases

18
Q

H has how many valence electrons

A

1

19
Q

C has how many valence electrons

A

4

20
Q

N has how many valences electrons

A

5

21
Q

What atoms usually are the end electrons?

A

H, F, Cl, Br, I

22
Q

What is the equation for formal charge?

A

V - (number of dots + number of sticks)

23
Q

Formal charges are used to

A

Assess stability of particular resonance structure

24
Q

A stable Lewis structure consists of

A

Negative charges on most electronegative atoms

25
Q

Atoms found in or beyond the third period can have

A

More than eight valence electrons

26
Q

Atoms found in or beyond the third period can be assigned

A

More than four bonds

27
Q

The nature of a covalent bond depends on

A

The relative electronegativities of atoms sharing electron pairs

28
Q

Nonpolar covalent bonding occurs between

A

Same electronegativities

29
Q

What is a Lewis Acid?

A

Compound that can accept an electron pair

30
Q

What is a Lewis Base?

A

Compound that can donate an electron pair

31
Q

Tetrahedral structures are usually

A

Nonpolar

32
Q

Angular structures are usually

A

Polar

33
Q

l describes what within n shells

A

The orbitals

34
Q

S orbitals are

A

Spherically symmetric

35
Q

P orbitals have what shapes

A

Dumbbell

36
Q

Bonding orbitals are formed when

A

Two atomic orbitals are in phase

37
Q

Antibonding orbitals are formed when

A

Two atomic orbitals are not in phase

38
Q

What bonds are formed when two orbitals of different atoms overlap head-to-head

A

Sigma bonds

39
Q

What bonds are formed when two p parallel orbitals interact

A

Pi bonds

40
Q
Rate strength of:
Dipole-ion
Dipole-dipole
Hydrogen Bonds
London Forces
A

Dipole-ion > HB > dipole-diple > London Forces