Chapter 12: Leadership

Question 1

leadership

Answer 1

the ability to influence a group toward the achievement of a vision or set of goals

Question 2

trait theories of leadership

Answer 2

theories that consider personal qualities and characteristics that differentiate leaders from non-leaders

Question 3

behavioral theories of leadership

Answer 3

theories proposing that specific behaviors differentiate leaders from non-leaders

Question 4

initiating structure

Answer 4

the extent to which a leader defines and structures his or her role and those of the subordinates to facilitate goal attainment

Question 5

consideration

Answer 5

the extent to which a leader has job relationships that are characterized by mutual trust, respect for employee’s ideas, and regard for their feelings. a leader high in consideration helps employees with personal problems, is friendly and approachable, and treats all employees as equals

Question 6

is there validity to both trait and behavioral theories?

Answer 6

yes. parts of each theory can help explain facets of leadership emergence and effectiveness

Question 7

fiedler contingency model

Answer 7

the theory that effective groups depend on a proper match between leader’s style of interacting with subordinates and the degree to which the situation gives control and influence to the leader

Question 8

least-preferred coworker (LPC) questionnaire

Answer 8

and instrument that purports to measure whether a person is task or relationship oriented

Question 9

leader-member relations

Answer 9

the degree of confidence, trust, and respect that subordinates have in their leader

Question 10

task structure

Answer 10

the degree to which job assignments are regimented

Question 11

position power

Answer 11

influence derived from one’s formal structural position in the org.; includes the power to hire, fire, discipline, promote, and give salaray increases

Question 12

situational leadership theory

Answer 12

a contingency theory that focuses on followers’ readiness to accomplish a specific task

Question 13

path-goal theory

Answer 13

a theory stating that it is the leader’s job to assist followers in attaining their goals and to provide the necessary direction and/or support to ensure that their goals are compatible with the overall objectives of the group or org.

Question 14

leader-participation model

Answer 14

a leadership theory that provides a set of rules to determine the form and amount of participative decision making in different situations

Question 15

leader-member exchange (LMX) theory

Answer 15

a theory that supports leaders’ criterion of ingroups and outgroups; subordinates with ingroup status have higher performance ratings, less turnover, and greater job satisfaction

Question 16

charasmatic leadership theory

Answer 16

a leadership theory stating that followers make attributions of heroic or extraordinary leadership abilities when they observe certain behaviors in others

Question 17

vision

Answer 17

a long-term strategy for attaining a goal or goals

Question 18

vision-statement

Answer 18

a formal articulation of an organization’s vision or mission

Question 19

are charasmatic leaders born or made?

Answer 19

both. some are born with personality traits that make them more charasmatic, on average. all of us can develop it within our own limtations as well

Question 20

how charasmatic leaders influence followers

Answer 20

they present their vision and vision-statement, and make that the center of th their mission

Question 21

do all charismatic leaders act in the best interest of the company?

Answer 21

nope

Question 22

transactional leaders

Answer 22

leaders who guide or motivate their followers in the direction of established goals by clarifying role and task requirements

Question 23

transformational leaders

Answer 23

leaders who inspire, act as role models, and intellectually stimulate, develop, or mentor their followers, thus having a profound and extraordinary impact on them

Question 24

full-range of leadership

Answer 24

a model that depicts seven management styles on a continuum: laissez-faire, management by exception, contingent reward leadership, individualized consideration, intellectual stimulation, inspirational motivation, and idealized influence

Question 25

authentic leaders

Answer 25

leaders who know who they are, know what they believe in and value, and act on those values and beliefs openly and candidly

Question 26

socialized charismatic leadership

Answer 26

a leadership concept stating that leaders convey values that are other-centered versus self-centered and who role-model ethical conduct

Question 27

abusive supervision

Answer 27

supervision that is hostile both verbally and nonverbally

Question 28

servant leadership

Answer 28

a leadership style marked by going beyond the leader’s own self-interest and instead focusing on opportunities to help followers grow and develop

Question 29

trust

Answer 29

a positive expectation that another will not act opportunistically

Question 30

trust propensity

Answer 30

how likely an employee is to trust a leader

Question 31

mentor

Answer 31

a senior employee who sponsors and supports a less-experienced emplouee, called a protege

Question 32

attribution theory of leadership

Answer 32

a leadership theory stating that leadership is merely an attribution that people make about other individuals

Question 33

substitutes

Answer 33

attributes, such as experience, and training, that can replace the need for a leader’s support or ability to create structure

Question 34

neutralizers

Answer 34

attributes that make it impossible for leader behavior to make any difference to followers