Chapter 1.2 Physical Environments - Upland Limestone Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 1.2 Physical Environments - Upland Limestone Deck (10)
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1
Q

A limestone pavement is formed in three steps:

A
  • When glaciers passed over the top of an upland limestone area they removed the top soil leaving exposed rock.
  • The rainwater then dissolved the limestone. The joints inbetween the rocks widened and deepend creating large blocks
  • The cracks or fissues between the blocks are called grykes and the blocks called clints
2
Q

Potholes/Swallow holes are formed when

A

widening of a major joint has occured, ususally when a stream dissapears underground.

3
Q

Underground caverns occurs when

A

the process of dissolving limestone has continued underground.

4
Q

Underground caverns are created when

A

sections of rock may have collapsed onto the bedrock creatinf underground caves.

5
Q

Underground lakes and streams occur when

A

Surface water has met the impermeable underground rock.

6
Q

Stalactites and stalagmites form in

A

underground caverns

7
Q

What are the four steps to the formation of a stalactite?

A
  • Through chemical weathering, particles of limestone are dissolved in solution by rainwater
  • This water percolates through the rock and drops are deposited on the ceiling and floor of the cavern
  • Gradually the moisture evaporates and the deposits of limestone are left.
  • The deposits of limestone left hanging down from the ceiling of the caves are called stalactites.
8
Q

What are the four steps to the formation of a stalagmite?

A
  • Through chemical weathering, particles of limestone are dissolved in solution by rainwater.
  • This water percolates through the rock and drops are deposited on the ceiling and floor of caverns
  • Gradually the moisture evaporates and the deposits of limestone are left
  • The deposits that build up from the ground are called stalagmites.
9
Q

Intermittent drainage occurs when

A

streams that drain areas of impermeable rock carry on into a limestone area and disappear through the permeable limestone.

10
Q

The stream flows along the bedding planes until it reaches the underlying permeable rock. Eventually as the stream flows along the water table, it emerges at the surface at a lower level. This water is called a spring.

This is an example of what feature?

A

Intermittent Drainage