Chapter 21 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 21 Deck (14)
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1
Q

Enlightenment

A

A movement in the 18th century that advocated the use of reason in the reappraisal of accepted ideas and social institutions

2
Q

Benjamin Franklin

A

Printer, author, inventor, diplomat, statesman, and Founding Father. One of the few Americans who was highly respected in Europe, primarily due to his discoveries in the field of electricity

3
Q

George Washington

A

Commander of Continental Army, that battled Britain for freedom was also the first president of the united states

4
Q

Joseph Brant

A

Mohawk leader who supported the British during the American Revolution

5
Q

Constitutional Convention

A

Meeting of delegates in 1787 to revise the Articles of Confederation, which produced the new U.S. Constitution

6
Q

Estates General

A

France’s traditional national assembly with representatives of the three estates, or classes, in French society: the clergy, nobility, and commoners. The calling of the Estates General in 1789 led to the French Revolution

7
Q

Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen

A

A document, issued during the French Revolution that guaranteed certain human rights and other freedoms

8
Q

Jacobins

A

Radical republicans during the French Revolution. They were led by Maximilien Robespierre from 1793 to 1794

9
Q

Maximilien Robespierre

A

Young provincial lawyer who led the most radical phases of the French Revolution. His execution ended the Reign of Terror

10
Q

Napoleon Bonaparte

A

Overthrew French Directory in 1799 and became emperor of the French in 1804. Failed to defeat Great Britain and abdicated in 1814. Returned to power briefly in 1815 but was defeated and died in exile

11
Q

gens de couleur

A

Free men and women of color in Haiti. They sought greater political rights and later supported the Haitian Revolution

12
Q

Francois Dominique Toussaint L’Ouverture

A

Leader of the Haitian Revolution. He freed the slaves and gained effective independence for Haiti despite military interventions by the British and French

13
Q

Congress of Vienna

A

Meeting of representatives of European monarchs called to reestablish the old order after the defeat of Napoleon

14
Q

Revolutions of 1848

A

Democratic and nationalist revolutions that swept across Europe. The monarchy in France was overthrown. In Germany, Austria, Italy, and Hungary the revolutions failed