Chapter 3 SG Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 3 SG Deck (17)
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1
Q

Sensation

A

happens when special receptors in the sense organ (eyes, ears, nose, skin, and taste buds) are activated by outside stimuli such as light or sound

2
Q

Just Noticeable Difference

A

the smallest difference between 2 stimuli that is detectable 50 percent of the time. Also known as Weber’s Law

3
Q

Sensory Adaptations

A

process by which constant, unchanging information from the sensory receptors is effectively ignored

4
Q

The retina

A

contains photoreceptor cells

5
Q

Rods

A

sensitive to changes in brightness but not to a variety of wavelength, so they only see in black and white and shades of gray

6
Q

Cones

A

lot more light to function than the rods do, so cones work best in bright light, which is also when people see things more clearly

7
Q

Dark Adaptation

A

occurs as the eye recovers its ability to see when going from a brightly lit state to a dark state (rods)

8
Q

Light Adaptation

A

adapt tot he increased level of light, (cones)

9
Q

Trichromatic Theory

A

proposed three types of cones: red cones, blue cones, and green cones. Different shades of colors correspond to different amounts of light received by each of these three types of cones. These cones then dire their message to the brain’s vision centers. It is the combination of cones and the rate at which they are firing that determine the color that will be seen

10
Q

Opponent Process Theory

A

Afterimages

11
Q

Nerve hearing implants

A

the problem lies either in the inner ear or in the auditory pathways and cortical areas of the brain; cochlear implants work best

12
Q

5 primary taste

A

sweet, sour, salty, bitter, umami

13
Q

Olfaction

A

Ability to smell odors

14
Q

the kinesthetic sense

A

the body sense of movement and position in space

-proprioceptors: special receptors that tell you about joint movement or the muscles stretching or contracting

15
Q

Top-Down

A

the use of preexisting knowledge to organize individual features into a unified whole

16
Q

Bottom-up procesing

A

the analysis of smaller features and building up to a complete perception

17
Q

Proximity

A

tendency to perceive objects that are close to one another as part of the same groupings (nearness)