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Phlebotomy > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

1
Q

Palpitation

A

irregular heartbeat

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2
Q

Palpation

A

touching a vein

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3
Q

Homeostasis

A

steady state

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4
Q

Blood pressure

A

forces blood through vessels and pushes agains vessel walls like a balloon

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5
Q

Arteries carry blood

A

away from the heart

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6
Q

Arteries have a ______ oxygen level

A

high

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7
Q

Arteries’s walls are

A

thicker

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8
Q

Arteries branch into ______ then into ______

A

arterioles; capillaries

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9
Q

Arteriosclerosis

A

inner walls of vessels become rough because of cholesterol or calcium deposits that then cause blood clots

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10
Q

Veins carry blood

A

toward the heart

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11
Q

Veins work against

A

gravity

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12
Q

All veins except ______ only contain deoxygenated blood

A

pulmonary veins

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13
Q

Veins contain

A

deoxygenated blood

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14
Q

Veins have ______ walls.

A

thinner

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15
Q

Major Arm Veins - 1st Choice

A

Medial Cubital

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16
Q

Major Arm Veins - 2nd Choice

A

Cephalic

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17
Q

Major Arm Veins - 3rd Choice

A

Brachial

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18
Q

Capillaries link

A

arterioles and veins

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19
Q

Capillaries work as a

A

network

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20
Q

Capillary blood is a mix of

A

arterial and venous blood

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21
Q

Capillaries can only allow

A

one cell to pass through at one time

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22
Q

Artery blood

A

spurting blood, pulsating flow, bright red

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23
Q

Vein Blood

A

Steady, slow, dark red color

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24
Q

Capillary blood

A

slow even flow, shade of red between arteries and venous blood

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25
Q

Blood

A

transport system for nutrients, oxygen, chemical substances, waste removal; essential to homeostasis

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26
Q

Hypoxia

A

when any region of the body is deprieved of blood and oxygen leading to tissue death

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27
Q

Human body contains ______ of blood depending on size of the body

A

4 Liters

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28
Q

Whole blood is made of ______ of plasma

A

2.84 Liters

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29
Q

Whole blood is made up of ______ of cells

A

1.89 Liters

30
Q

Erythrocytes

A

Red Blood Cells

31
Q

Leukocytes

A

White Blood Cells

32
Q

Hematopoietic Tissues

A

Blood forming tissue like bone marrow

33
Q

Erythropoiesis

A

production of RBCs

34
Q

Erythropoietin

A

hormone produced in kidneys that triggers erythropoiesis

35
Q

Blood Types:

A

A, B, AB, O

36
Q

Most common blood type

A

O

37
Q

Blood type is determined

A

by presence of antigens and antibodies

38
Q

Two Major Groups of Leukocytes

A

Granular and Angranular

39
Q

Granular Types

A

Neutrophils, Eosinophils, Basophils

40
Q

Angranular Types

A

Monocytes, Lymphocytes

41
Q

Neutrophils

A

Granular WBC for immune defense

42
Q

Eosinphils

A

Granular WBC for parasite defense

43
Q

Basophils

A

Granular WBC for Inflammatory response

44
Q

Monocytes

A

Angranular WBC for immune defense

45
Q

Lymphocytes

A

Angranular WBC for antibody production; cellular immune response

46
Q

Differential

A

morphological characteristics of RBCs and WBCs in a lab

47
Q

Platelets

A

fragments of megakaryocytes that help with clotting

48
Q

Plasma

A

Liquid portion of blood and lympth

49
Q

anticoagulant

A

chemical agent used to prevent clotting

50
Q

Buffy Coat

A

layer of WBCs and platelets that form above the RBCs when sample is centrifuged or allowed to settle

51
Q

Osmotic Pressure

A

keeps blood volume levels in balance

52
Q

Buffering

A

term used to describe body’s abilities to control pH of blood via proteins and electrolytes

53
Q

Serum

A

liquid portion formed when blood specimen is allowed to clot

54
Q

Serum ______ contain fibrinogen

A

does not

55
Q

Plasma specimens ______ contain anticoagulant

A

do

56
Q

Unclotted cellular components collect at the bottom in

A

Plasma specimens

57
Q

Serum specimens ______ contain anticoagulant

A

do not

58
Q

Cellular components form clot in the bottom with

A

Serum Specimens

59
Q

Hemostasis

A

processes where platelets, plasma, and coagulation factors interact to control bleeding while maintaining circulating blood

60
Q

Phases of Hemostasis

A

1) Vascular Phase
2) Platelet Phase
3) Coagulation Phase
4) Clot Retraction
5) Fibrinolysis

61
Q

Vascular Phase

A

rapid reconstruction of vessel decreases blood flow to surrounding vascular bed

62
Q

Platelet Phase

A

platelets degranulate, clump together, and adhere to injured vessel to from a plug

63
Q

Coagulation Phase

A

coagulation factors are released to form fibrin mesh work/clot; seals off damaged portion of blood vessel

64
Q

Clot Retraction

A

when bleeding stops the entire cloth retracts to heal torn edges

65
Q

Fibrinolysis

A

final repair and regeneration of injured vessel occurs; clot begins to break up and dissolve

66
Q

Coagulation phases

A

Intrinsic and Extrinsic

67
Q

Intrinsic

A

contain in the blood

68
Q

Extrinsic

A

Contained in endothelial cells that are stimulated when damage occurs

69
Q

Lymphatic System consists

A

lymph, lymphocytes, lymph vessels, lymph nodes, tonsils, spleen, bone marrow, and thymus

70
Q

Main functions of Lymphatic System

A

Maintain fluid balance in tissues via blood and lymph fluid
Provide defense against disease via lymphocytes
Distribute nutrients and hormones into the blood stream, remove waste, and absorb fats

Phlebotomy (5 decks)

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