Chapter 8: Safe Administration of Medications Flashcards

1
Q

What is the preferred med route for children?

A

Oral

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2
Q

If you give oral route, what must you determine in the child?

A

Their ability to swallow pills

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3
Q

Small amounts of liquid meds, use what?

A

Oral med syringe

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4
Q

Large amounts of liquid meds, use what?

A

Medication cup

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5
Q

How do you give an oral med to an infant (position)?

A

Semireclining position similar to a feeding position

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6
Q

How do you give an oral med to a small child (what position)?

A

Upright to prevent aspiration

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7
Q

Where do you put the oral medication when giving to an infant or child?

A

Administer the medication in the side of the mouth in small amounts

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8
Q

How do you promote swallowing in an infant–what can you do?

A

Stroke the infant under the chin to promote swallowing while holding the cheeks together

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9
Q

What are some ways to promote atraumatic care? (5)

A
  1. Mix meds in a small amount of sweet liquid
  2. Offer juice, soft drink, or snack after administration
  3. Have child pinch nose before, during, and after administration
  4. Add flavoring to meds
  5. Use a nipple to allow the infant to suck the meds
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10
Q

If a child needs an optic ointment, when is it best to administer..like what time?

A

Right before nap or bedtime

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11
Q

Is it okay for otic meds to warm to room temp if they have been in the fridge prior to administration?

A

Yes

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12
Q

Is it okay to massage the outer ear area for a few minute following otic administration?

A

Yes

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13
Q

How do you administer a rectal med to a child?

A
  1. Insert beyond both rectal sphincters
  2. Hold the buttocks gently together for 5-10 minutes
  3. Halve the med LENGTHWISE if necessary
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14
Q

If injecting a medication, do we have to change the needle if it pierced a rubber stopper or vial?

A

Yes

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15
Q
What is the site for ID med?
What syringe is needed? 
What gauge is needed?
What angle do you insert?
Aspirate?
A
Inside surface of forearm
TB syringe
26-30 gauge needle 
15 degree
NO
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16
Q
What are the sites for SQ injection?
How much can you inject..how many mL?
What syringe is needed?
What gauge is needed?
What angle do you insert?
Aspirate?
A

Lateral aspect of upper arm, abdomen, and anterior thigh
Volumes less than 0.5 mL
1 mL syringe
26-30 gauge needle
90 degree angle. ..if thin child, at 45 degree angle
Check policy for aspiration

17
Q

What gauge is used for IM and what needle size?

A

Gauge 22-25 gauge with 1/2-1inch needle

18
Q

IM: What is the recommended site for infants and small children?

A

Vastus lateralis

19
Q

IM: Vastus lateralis
What position for administration?
How much can be injected in infants? children?

A

Supine, side lying, or sitting position

Up to 0.5 mL for infants and up to 2 mL for children

20
Q

IM: Ventrogluteal
Position?
How much can be injected in infants? children?

A

Supine, side lying, prone
0.5-1 mL depending on muscle size of infant
Up to 2 mL in children

21
Q

IM: Deltoid
Position?
How much can you inject?

A

Child sitting or standing

Up to 1 mL

22
Q

What atraumatic care can you provide to the infant for 60 MINUTES prior to injection?

A

Apply mix of lidocaine and prilocaine to the site

23
Q

What can you give infants while you inject a medication?

A

Can give a sucrose pacifier to the infant

24
Q

What size gauge for an IV med given peripherally ?

A

24 ro 20 gauge catheter

25
Q

For short term central venous access devices what catheter do you use?

A

Nontunneled catheter or peripherally inserted central catheter

26
Q

For long term central venous access devices, what catheter do you use?

A

Tunneled catheter or implanted infusion ports

27
Q

Should we tell a child the injection will feel like a stick or bee sting?

A

NO

28
Q

A nurse is preparing to administer the flu vaccine to a toddler. Which of the following is an appropriate action for the nurse to take?
A. Administer SQ to abdomen
B. Use a 20 gauge needle
C. Divide the medication into 2 injections
D. Place the child in the supine position

A

D

29
Q
A nurse is preparing to administer an IM injection to a child. Which of the following muscle groups is contraindicated?
A. Deltoid
B. Ventrogluteal
C. Vastus lateralis
D. Dorsal gluteal
A

D

30
Q

A nurse is teaching a parent of an infant about administration of oral meds. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching? (select all that apply)
A. Use a universal dropper for medication administration
B. Ask the pharmacy to add flavoring to the med
C. Add the med to the formula bottle before feeding
D. Use the nipple of the bottle to administer the med
E. Hold the infant in a semireclining position

A

B, D, E

31
Q

A nurse is preparing to administer medication to a toddler. Which of the following are appropriate actions for the nurse to take? (select all that apply)
A. Identify the toddler by asking the parent
B. Tell the parent to administer the medication
C. Calculate the safe dosage
D. Ask the toddler what toy he wants to hold during administration
E. Offer juice after the medication

A

C, D, E

32
Q

A nurse is caring for an infant who needs otic medication. Which of the following is an appropriate action for the nurse to take?
A. Hold the infant in an upright position
B. Pull the pinna downward and straight back
C. Hyperextend the infants neck
D. Ensure the medication is cool

A

B