Chapter 9 Midbrain

Question 1

Which nucleus of the inferior colliculus is the major relay nucleus in the auditory pathway?
A. Central nucleus
B. Pericentral nucleus
C. External nucleus
D. All of the above

Answer 1

A. Central nucleus (p. 131)

Question 2

Which nucleus of the inferior colliculus directs auditory attention?
A. Central nucleus
B. Pericentral nucleus
C. External nucleus
D. All of the above

Answer 2

B. Pericentral nucleus (p. 131)

Question 3

Which nucleus of the inferior colliculus is related primarily to acousticomotor reflexes?
A. Central nucleus
B. Pericentral nucleus
C. External nucleus
D. All of the above

Answer 3

C. External nucleus (p. 131)

Question 4

The only cranial nerve that crosses before emerging from the brainstem
A. CN 4
B. CN 8
C. CN 9
D. CN 10
E. CN 12

Answer 4

A. CN 4 (p. 133)

Question 5

The following are actions of the superior oblique muscle except:
A. Extorsion
B. Intorsion
C. Depression
D. Abduction

Answer 5

A. Extorsion (p. 133)

Question 6

The following are true of lesions of CN 4 EXCEPT
A. Vertical diplopia is worse when looking contralaterally downwards
B. Vertical diplopia is worse when tilting the head towards the paretic nerve
C. Vertical diplopia is corrected when tilting the head towards the paretic nerve
D. Patients have a hard time going down the stairs

Answer 6

C. Vertical diplopia is corrected when tilting the head towards the paretic nerve (p. 133)

Question 7

Neurons of this midbrain nucleus is affected in progressive supranuclear palsy
A. Interpeduncular nucleus
B. Nucleus parabrachialis pigmentosus
C. Dorsal tegmental nucleus
D. Ventral tegmental nucleus
E. Pedunculopontine nucleus

Answer 7

E. Pedunculopontine nucleus (p. 134)

Question 8

Central loss of pigmented neurons only in the substancia nigra
A. Hungington's disease
B. Idiopathic PD
C. Post-encephalitic PD
D. Parkinson's dementia complex
E. MSA

Answer 8

B. Idiopathic PD (p. 135)

Question 9

Uniform loss of pigmented neurons only in the substancia nigra
A. Hungington's disease
B. Idiopathic PD
C. Post-encephalitic PD
D. Parkinson's dementia complex
E. MSA

Answer 9

C. Post-encephalitic PD (p. 135)

Question 10

Uniform loss of pigmented and non-pigmented neurons in the substancia nigra
A. Hungington's disease
B. Idiopathic PD
C. Post-encephalitic PD
D. Parkinson's dementia complex
E. MSA

Answer 10

D. Parkinson’s dementia complex (p. 135)

Question 11

Medial and lateral loss of pigmented neurons only in the substancia nigra
A. Hungington's disease
B. Idiopathic PD
C. Post-encephalitic PD
D. Parkinson's dementia complex
E. MSA

Answer 11

E. MSA (p. 135)

Question 12

Match the structure with their corresponding neurotransmitters that they use in connection with the substancia nigra

Column A

1. Neostriatum
2. Globus pallidus externa
3. Subthalamic nucleus
4. Median raphe nucleus
5. Pedunculopontine nucleus

Column B
A. Glutamine
B. Glycine
C. Ach
D. Serotonin/CCK
E. GABA

Answer 12

(p. 135)
1. E
2. E
3. A
4. D
5. C

Question 13

Which among the following cell groups are NOT dopaminergic?
A. Substancia nigra pars compacta
B. Substancia nigra pars reticulata
C. Substancia nigra pars dorsalis
D. Ventral tegmental area of Tsai

Answer 13

B. Substancia nigra pars reticulata (p. 136)

Question 14

The following fiber tracts are seen at the level of both the inferior and superior colliculi EXCEPT
A. Medial lemniscus
B. Trigeminal lemniscus
C. Spinothalamic tract
D. Lateral lemniscus
E. MLF

Answer 14

D. Lateral lemniscus (p. 138)

Question 15

The only oculomotor subnucleus seen in the most rostral part of the nucleus
A. Medial rectus subnucleus
B. Inferior oblique subnucleus
C. Inferior rectus subnucleus
D. Superior rectus subnucleus

Answer 15

C. Inferior rectus subnucleus (p. 140)

Question 16

The only oculomotor subnucleus that supply contralateral eye muscles
A. Medial rectus subnucleus
B. Inferior oblique subnucleus
C. Inferior rectus subnucleus
D. Superior rectus subnucleus

Answer 16

D. Superior rectus subnucleus (p. 141)

Question 17

Paradoxical dilatation of both pupils when light is shone in the symptomatic eye
A. Marcus Gunn phenomenon
B. Adie's pupil
C. Argyll Robertson pupil
D. None of the above

Answer 17

A. Marcus Gunn phenomenon (p. 143)

Question 18

Widely dilated pupil and a sluggish, prolonged pupillary contraction in reaction to light; the pathology is said to be in the ciliary ganglion
A. Marcus Gunn phenomenon
B. Adie's pupil
C. Argyll Robertson pupil
D. None of the above

Answer 18

B. Adie’s pupil (p. 144)

Question 19

The light reflex is lost while the accomodation-convergence reflex persists
A. Marcus Gunn phenomenon
B. Adie's pupil
C. Argyll Robertson pupil
D. None of the above

Answer 19

C. Argyll Robertson pupil (p. 144)

Question 20

Which of the following is NOT part of the accomodation-convergence reflex?
A. Lens assumes a concave shape secondary to relaxation of the ciliary muscle
B. Contraction of both medial recti
C. Pupillary constriction
D. None of the above

Answer 20

A. Lens assumes a concave shape secondary to relaxation of the ciliary muscle (p. 144)

Question 21

Which of the following structures traverses the caudal region of the red nucleus?*
A. Superior cerebellar peduncle
B. Trapezoid body
C. Inferior olive
D. None of the above

Answer 21

A. Superior cerebellar peduncle (p. 138)

Question 22

Which of the following nuclei is NOT cholinergic?*
A. Pedunculopontine
B. Lateral dorsal tegmental
C. Locus ceruleus
D. None of the above

Answer 22

C. Locus ceruleus (pp. 133-134)