Chapter 9: Overview of Metabolism Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Chapter 9: Overview of Metabolism Deck (22)
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1
Q

Metabolism

A
  • Process by which organisms generate and use free energy to perform essential functions
2
Q

Intermediary metabolism reactions involve

A
  • Small, low molecular weight molecules
3
Q

Commonalities exhibited by cells

A
  • Maintain constant internal environment
  • Use energy from environment to drive rxns
  • Reproduce /grow
  • Respond to external stimuli
4
Q

Metabolic reactions defined

A
  • Series of metabolic steps

- Facilitate the harnessing of energy

5
Q

Common reaction types in metabolic pathways

A
  • Reciprocal regulation

- Can be linear, spiral, or cyclic

6
Q

Convergent metabolsim

A
  • Catabolism
7
Q

Divergent metabolism

A
  • Anabolism
8
Q

Complete oxidation of glucose releases

A
  • 3000kj/mol of energy
9
Q

Pyruvate dehydrogenase enzyme controlled by

A
  • Reversible phosphorylation

- Tightly controlled system

10
Q

Catabolism depends on

A
  • Fuel

- Presence/absence of oxygen

11
Q

Anabolsim depends on

A
  • Biosynthetic requirements

- Input of energy

12
Q

Amphibolic reactions

A
  • Both catabolic and anabolic
13
Q

Biosynthesis/cholesterol/FA synthesis involves

A
  • NADPH
14
Q

Energy/ETC/production of ATP involves

A
  • NADH
15
Q

Substrate cycling

A
  • Independent regulation of anabolic and catabolic pathways
16
Q

Catabolism

A
  • Produces energy
  • Oxidative breakdown of large macromolecules
  • Exergonic (release energy in the form of ATP)
17
Q

3 stages of aerobic catabolism

A
  1. Large molecules > smaller
  2. Further degraded > pyruvate or Acetyl-SCoA (so they can enter CAC)
  3. CAC and oxidative phosphorylation (final step)
18
Q

Final stage of carbohydrate and fat metabolism

A
  • Same step

- CAC and ETC

19
Q

Catabolsim converges on

A
  • Acetyl-SCoA
20
Q

Anabolsim

A
  • Biosynthetic
  • Formation of large macromolecules
  • Endergonic (requires energy input)
21
Q

Anabolism considered divergent

A
  • Produces wide array of products from a small number of metabolites
22
Q

Important metabolic intermediates present in more than one pathway

A
  • Glucose-6-phosphate
  • Pyruvate
  • Acetyl-SCoA
  • All are bridges between anabolic and catabolic pathways

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