Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

board review part 1 > Chem: nucleotides & nucleic acids > Flashcards

Chem: nucleotides & nucleic acids Flashcards

1
Q

nucleotides bonded together to form

A

RNA & DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

nucleotides have __ components? what are they?

A

3
Phosphate
Sugar
Nitrogenous

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

example of sugar base?

A

Deoxyribose

Ribose

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Example of nitrogenous base?

A

Purines

pyrimidines

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

example of purines

A

adenine

guanine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

example of pyrimidines

A

uracil (rna)
thymine
cytosine

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

nucleotides within one strand are bonded together by ?

A

phosphodiester

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

base pairs bwn complimentary strands are bonded by?

A

hydrogen bonds (which are easily broken)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

where does DNA syhesis take place?

A

“S” phase

nucleus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

DNA doubling?

A

46»>92 chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

what enzyme unwinds DNA strands?

A

topoisomerase

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

DNA polymerase acts as a ___ for DNA

A

template

makes new DNA from the parent strand of DNA

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

what does Mitosis do?

A

splits the double strand of 92 chrom into two identical 46 chrom daughter strands

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how are the bases counted?

A

3 bases at at time

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what is transcription?

A

RNA synthesis 5’ to 3’

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

transcription takes place in? is it specific?

A

nucleolus

only the segment of DNA with the specific region to be transcribed unwinds.

17
Q

what does RNA polymerase do?

A

binds to the promoter site. Begins to make RNA primer strand from the DNA template

18
Q

what is meant by the CODE?

A

it is the DNA sequence which is read 3 bases at a time

19
Q

what is the terminiation sequence?

A

RNA polymerase reaches a special section of DNA called the termination sequence. the polymerase and RNA primer strand fall off of te DNA, whih then rewinds itself

20
Q

what is mRNA?

A

messenger RNA

holds the information to determine amino acid sequence order

21
Q

what is rRNA?

A

main component of the ribosomal unit which moves along the mRNA

22
Q

what is tRNA?

A

jumps on and off the RNA carrying the amino acids with it.

23
Q

what is translation? what is the process?

A

it is Protein synthesis

  • mRNA binds to a ribsome before translation occurs
  • codon in the mRNA chain codes for the AA
  • antidon in the tRNA is a complimentary to a specific codon
  • anticodon then binds to the mRNA codon and brings the AA to the ribosome
  • AA on the tRNA forms a peptide bond with the AA on the tRNA next door- by peptidyl transferase
  • tRNA leaves the ribosome gets to another AA
  • enzyme AA is attached to a tRNA by aminoacyl-trna synthase
24
Q

start codon?

A

AUG

25
Q

stop codon?

A

UAA, UAG, UGA

board review part 1 (30 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions