Chemical Levels Flashcards Preview

Chemical Lvls Of Organization > Chemical Levels > Flashcards

Flashcards in Chemical Levels Deck (33)
Loading flashcards...
0
Q

Define element

A

Substance that cannot be broken down into a simpler substances, whether by chemical processes, heating, or other physical means

1
Q

What is matter?

A

Anything that occupies space and has weight

2
Q

Define atom

A

Smallest stable unit of matter

3
Q

What are the 3 subatomic particles?

A

Protons, neutrons, and electrons

4
Q

Where are protons and neutrons located?

A

In the nucleus

5
Q

Define protons

A

Carry a positive electrical charge

6
Q

Define neutrons

A

Neutral. Carey no electrical charge

7
Q

Define electron

A

Carries negative electrical charge.

8
Q

How do you calculate atomic weight?

A

Protons plus electrons

9
Q

Why are the electrons on the outermost shell important?

A

Because they are used for chemical bonding

10
Q

What happens if the outer shell is not filled with the proper number of electrons?

A

It becomes unstable

11
Q

Covalent bonds are ____ and do not break in water solutions

A

Strong

12
Q

Hydrogen bonds are

A

Weak chemical bonds between atoms and molecules

13
Q

What is a surfactant

A

Chemicals that serve as wetting agents

14
Q

Organic compounds are

A

Molecules that are quite large

15
Q

Inorganic compounds are

A

Small

Molecules

16
Q

Organic compounds are atoms linked by

A

Covalent bonds

17
Q

Inorganic compounds are joined by

A

Ionic bonds

18
Q

What are ions?

A

Atoms or molecules that have an electrical charge

19
Q

Electrolytes are

A

Capable of conducting an electrical current

20
Q

What is a molecule

A

Chemical structure that contained more than 1 atom bonded together by a shared electron

21
Q

What do catalysts do?

A

They speed up the rate of chemical reactions

22
Q

When proteins act as catalysts they are called

A

Enzymes

23
Q

Define enzyme

A

Molecules that catalyze reactions within the body to sustain life

24
Q

Define pH

A

The concentration of hydrogen ions

25
Q

Define acid

A

Substances that contain hydrogen ions that can be released to other substances. It donates a Hydrogen ion

26
Q

Define base

A

Substance which has no hydrogen ions but are able to accept hydrogen ions from acids

27
Q

Define energy

A

Capacity to perform work

28
Q

Define kinetic energy

A

Energy of motion

29
Q

Define conversion of energy

A

Energy is converted from 1 form to another. It cannot be destroyed only converted

30
Q

Kinetic is what kind of energy?

A

Potential

31
Q

ATP is your energy transfer molecule. It is the…

A

Most important high energy compound in the body

32
Q

Define high energy bonds

A

When broken they release large amounts of energy