Chemistry of Life Test (Ch.1) Flashcards
In living organisms, buffers do which of the following?
maintain pH in the cells within a narrow range, allowing enzymes to function.
What is an example of a monosaccharide?
glucose
What element is found in all organic compounds?
Carbon
Of the following, which are reasons why molecular models are useful to biologists? Models help…
I. visualize shapes of functional groups
II. visualize isomers
III. visualize the three-dimensional shapes of functional groups
IV. determine the presence of symmetry in molecules
V. predict products of chemical reactions
I, II, III, IV, and V. (all are correct)
When a molecule of glycerol reacts with one or more fatty acids an ester linkage results. The formation of this linkage is a result of a reaction between…
An alcohol and a carboxylic acid.
In most cellular process, oxidation involves…
the loss of hydrogen atoms
When fatty acids and glycerol chemically combine to form a fat, one other product is…
water
When two organic molecules are joined together and a water molecule is removed, the reaction is called which of the following?
dehydration synthesis (condensation)
The hydrolysis (breakdown) of a dipeptide results in the production of which of the following?
two amino acids
When free energy is released during a chemical reaction it is called
an exergonic reaction
the following structural formula is representative of which functional group?
-C=O
\
O
|
Hcarboxyl
the following structural formula is representative of which functional group?
|
C= O
|
carbonyl
Enzymes work as catalysts by doing which of the following?
decreasing the activation energy
Of the following, which is not considered to be a polymer?
fat
Of the following biological compounds, which one contains the element nitrogen?
protein
