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Flashcards in China's One Child Policy Deck (26)
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1
Q

What was China’s population growth in the middle of the twentieth century?

A

55 million every three years.

2
Q

What was the average number of children born to a Chinese woman in 1963?

A

7.5.

3
Q

What was the birth rate in the early 1970s?

A

31 per thousand people.

4
Q

What was the average family size in the early 1970s?

A

3 per family.

5
Q

Why was the policy needed?

A
Extreme poverty.
Lack of food and drinking water.
Famine.
Unemployment.
Traffic congestion.
6
Q

What age were people aloud to marry as part of the one child policy?

A

Women - 20.

Men - 22.

7
Q

How did the one child policy ensure that couples only had one child?

A

Sterilisation after the first child.

Abortion of future pregnancies.

8
Q

What were the benefits from couples keeping to the policy?

Name 5

A
5-10% salary rise.
Bigger land.
Extended maturity leave.
Paid medical/hospital expenses.
Priority access to housing, employment.
9
Q

Who did the 5-10% salary rise benefit?

A

People living in urban areas.

10
Q

Who did the bigger land allocation benefit?

A

People living in rural areas.

11
Q

Couples who obeyed the government had priority to what?

A

Housing.

Employment.

12
Q

An only child has access to what?

A

Free schooling.

13
Q

What were the consequences of not conforming to the policy?

A

Deprived these benefits.

Pay large fines.

14
Q

If couples did not keep to the policy what was withdrawn?

A

Family allowances.

Medical benefits.

15
Q

If couples did not keep to the policy and worked within the government what would happen?

A

They would be demoted or discharged.

16
Q

Pressure to abort second pregnancies even included what?

A

Pay cuts for the couple’s fellow workers.

17
Q

Who were the ‘Granny Police’?

A

Older women of the community who were entrusted with the task of keeping everyone in line.

18
Q

What did the ‘Granny Police’ do?

A

Kept regular checks on couples of childbearing age.

Accompanying women on contraception appointments to make sure they attended.

19
Q

Members of what group are allowed 2 or even more children?

A

Minority ethnic group.

20
Q

Having a child with a disability who is unable to work allows what?

A

Second child to be born.

21
Q

Who were the exceptions?

A

Rural families who only had girls.
Risk of losing the family line.
First child is disabled.
Members of the minority ethnic group.

22
Q

What were the successes of the One Child Policy?

A

Population growth slowed down for people to have enough jobs and food.

23
Q

How much did China’s birth rate fall?

A

Fell from 31 to 19 in 20 years.

24
Q

What was the size of the population estimated to be?

A

230 million less that it would have been without the policy.

25
Q

What changes were made to the policy in the 1990s and 2000s?

A

Young couples who are only children are allowed two children.
Attitudes towards daughters have improved.

26
Q

Why is the policy unlikely to relax anymore?

A

In 2008 Chin still had 1 million more births than deaths every 5 weeks.
600 million people still live on less than $2 per day.