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Flashcards in Cities Deck (16)
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Q

What does Girardet define a sustainable city as?

A

‘A city that works hard so that all it’s citizens are able to meet their own needs without endangering the wellbeing of the natural world or the living conditions of other people, now or in the future’

1
Q

When was the Sustainable Cities programme established?

A

1990

2
Q

A mega city is one with

A

A population of over 10 mill that are centres of the global economy

3
Q

In N America, what proportion are expected to live in cities by 2050?

A

90.2%

4
Q

Urbanisation facts

A

1900- 5% of world lived in cities
2008- over half lived in cities
2050- 70% expected

5
Q

Rural to urban migration accounts for

A

Roughly the pop of Swansea ever month!

6
Q

In African cities-

A

40% people live in poverty

25-50% of these live in ‘informal settlements’

7
Q

Gini index figures-

A

0.25 Czech Republic (communism)
0.57 Brazil - 0.41 in Curitiba!
Highest city is 0.76 (East London of S. Africa

8
Q

Low density cities-> excessive energy use. e.g.

A

Atlanta- 6ppl/hectare and 4.5% trips made by public transport

Barcelona- 171 ppl/hectare and 30% trips made by public transport

9
Q

Disease in slums example

A

Freetown (capital of Sierra Leone)
Cholera outbreak in 2012 affected mainly slum dwellers
(Slums on seafront where waste water is flushed out by the shoreline)

10
Q

Crime in slums example

A

Curitiba- violent crime remains confined to shanty towns

-80% of murders can be linked to drug trafficking

11
Q

Example of disparity in city

A

Bangalore, India
Slum dwellers live next to gated communities (Bascanagudi) and technology parks (Google, Microsoft, Infosys) that has swimming pools and cricket pitches
50% slum dwellers have no access to piped water and low LE of 55-60 yrs

12
Q

Water problems

A

Pollution
leakages
Flood management

13
Q

Water pollution e.g.

A

New Delhi generates 950 mill gallons of sewage a day (over 1/2 untreated)

R. Ganges contains 70 times max WHO level of chromium dueto Kanpurs leather industry

14
Q

Air pollution example

A

Delhi has acute air pollution of >360 micrograms/mcubed

WHO threshold is 150

15
Q

Germany

A

Incinerates waste to produce electricity and reduce landfill

2010 incinerated more waste than it sent to landfill