ethylene glycol/methanol intoxication
fomepizole (alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor)
Neisseria meningitidis
PCN/ceftriaxone, rifampin ppx
clostridium botulinum
antitoxin
clostridium tetani
antitoxin
staphylococcus aureas
MSSA: nafcillin, oxacillin, dicloxacillin (anti-staphylococcal PCNs)
MRSA: vancomycin, daptomycin, linezolid, ceftaroline
Strep pyogenes
PCN ppx
Strep pneumo
PCN/cephalosporin (systemic infection, pneumonia)d
vancomycin (meningitis)
strep bovis
PCN ppx, eval for colon cancer if linked to endocarditis
enterococci
vancomycin, aminopenicillins/cephalosporins
Hib
amoxicillin +/- clavulanate (mucosal infections)
ceftriaxone (meningitis)
rifampin ppx
legionella
macrolides (azithromycin)
pseudomonas aeruginosa
piperacillin/tazobactam, ahminoglycosides, carbapenem
treponema pallidum
PCN G
chlamydia trachomatis
doxycycline (+ ceftriaxone for gonorrhea confection)
oral erythromycin to tx chlamydial conjunctivitis in infants
rickettsia rickettsii
doxycycline
chloramphenicol
candida albicans
topical azaleas (vaginitis)
nystatin, fluconazole, caspofungin (oral/esophageal)
fluconazole, caspofungin, amphotericin B (systemic)
cryptococcus neoformans
induction with amphotericin B and flucytosine, maintenance with fluconazole (in AIDS patients)
sporothrix schenckii
itraconazole, oral potassium chloride
pneumocystis jirovecii
TMP-SMX (ppx and tx in immunosuppressed patients, CD4 <200)
toxoplasma gondii
sulfadiazine + pyrimethamine
malaria
chloroquine, mefloquine, atovaquone/proguanil (for good schizont), primaquine (for liver hypnozoite)
trichomonas vaginalis
metronidazole (patient and partner)
influenza
oseltamiivr, zanamivir
CMV
ganciclovir, foscarnet, cidofovir
neisseria gonorrheae
ceftriaxone (add doxycycline to cover likely concurrent C. trachoma’s)
clostridium difficile
oral metronidazole, if refractory oral vancomycin
mycobacterium tuberculosis
RIPE (rifampin, isoniazid, pyrazinamide, ethambutol)
UTI prophylaxis
TMP-SMX
chronic hepatitis B or C
IFN-α (HBV and HCV)
ribavirin, simeprevir, sofosbuvir (HCV)
patent ductus arteriosus
close with indomethacin
keep open with PGE analots
stable angina
sublingual nitroglycerin
hypercholesterolemia
statin (first-line)
Buerger disease
smoking cessation
granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener)
cyclophosphamide
corticosteroids
Kawasaki disease
IVIG
high dose aspirin
temporal arteritis
high-dose steroids
arrhythmia in damaged cardiac tissue
class 1B antiarrhythmic (lidocaine, mexiletine)
pheochromocytoma
α antagonists (phenoxybenzamine)
prolactinoma
cabergoline/bromocriptine (dopamine agonists)
diabetes insipidus
desmopressin (central)
hydrochlorothiazide, indomethacin, amiloride (nephrogenic)
SIADH
fluid restriction
IV hypertonic saline
conivaptan/tolvaptan, demeclocycline
T1DM
dietary intervention (low carbohydrate) + insulin replacement
T2DM
dietary intervention, oral hypoglycemics, and insulin (if refractory)
DKA
fluids, insulin, K+
carcinoid syndrome
octreotide
Crohn disease
corticosteroids, infliximab, azathioprine
Ulcerative colitis
5-ASA preparations (mesalamine)
6-mercaptopurine, infliximab, colectomy
hypertriglycerides
fibrate
sickle cell disease
hydroxyurea (increase fetal hemoglobin)
chronic myelogenous leukemia
imatinib
acute promyelocytic leukemia (M3)
all-trans retinoic acid
drug of choice for anticoagulation during pregnancy
heparin
heparin reversal
protamine sulfate
immediate anticoagulation
heparin
long-term anticoagulation
warfarin, dabigatran, rivaroxaban, and apixaban
warfarin reversal
FFP (acute), vitamin K (non-acute)
cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis
mesna
HER2/neu + breast cancer
trastuzumab
osteoporosis
calcium/vitamin D supplementation (ppx)
bisphosphonates, PTH analogs, SERMs, calcitonin, denosumab (tx)
osteomalacia/rickets
vitamin D supplementation
chronic gout
xanthine oxidase inhibitors (allopurinol, febuxostat)
pegloticase
probenecid
acute gout attack
NSAIDs, colchicine, glucocorticoids
neural tube defect prevention
prenatal folic acid
migraine
abortive therapies (sumatriptans, NSAIDs) ppx (propranolol, topiramate, CCBs, amitriptyline)
trigeminal neuralgia (tic douloureaux)
carbamazepine
MS
disease-modifying therapies (ß-interferon, natalizumab); for acute flares, use IV steroids
degeneration of dorsal column fibers
tabes dorsalis (tertiary syphils), subacute combined degeneration (dorsal columns, lateral corticospinal, spinocerebellar tracts affected)
tonic-clonic seizures
levetiracetam, phenytoin, valproate, carbamazepine
absence seizures
ethosuximide
malignant hyperthermia
dantrolene
anorexia
nutrition, psychotherapy, mirtazapine
bulimia nervosa
SSRIs
alcoholism
disulfiram, acamprosate, naltrexone, supportive care
ADHD
methylphenidate, amphetamines, CBT, atomexetine, guanfacine, clonidine
alcohol withdrawal
long-acting benzodiazepines
bipolar disorder
mood stabilizers (e.g. lithium, valproic acid, carbamazepine) atypical antipsychotics
depression
SSRIs (first-line)
generalized anxiety disorder
SSRIs, SNRIs (first line); bus-irons (second line)
schizophrenia (positive symptoms)
typical and atypical antipsychotics
schizophrenia (negative symptoms)
atypical antipsychotics
hyperaldosteronism
spironolactone
benign prostatic hyperplasia
α1-antagonists, 5alpha-reducatse inhibitors, PDE-5 inhibitors
infertility
leuprolide, GnRH (pulsatile), clomphene
breast cancer in postmenopausal women
aromatase inhibitor (anastrozole)
ER + breast cancer
tamoxifen
prostate adenocarcinoma/uterine fibroids
leuprolide, GnRH (continuous)
medical abortion
mifepristone
prostate adenocarcinoma
flutamide
erectile dysfunction
sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil
pulmonary artery hypertension (idiopathic)
sildenafil, bosentan, epoprostenol