Clinical Cases Flashcards

1
Q

30 y/o male presents with stab wound in back. Patient displays right-sided weakness starting at T5 and left-sided loss of pinprick sensation and temperature starting at T7.

A

Brown-sequard syndrome.

Weakness/ paralysis (hemiparaplegia) on one side of the body and a loss of sensation (hemianaesthesia) on the opposite side = Brown Sequard Syndrome.

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2
Q

39 y/o female presents with severe headaches on sneezing.
Examination finds decreased sensation to pinprick over upper back, shoulder and upper arms.
- Power in arms is 2/5.
- Power in lower body is 5/5.

A

Syringomyelia.

cyst forms in spinal cord, expands and compresses spinal cord - causes loss of feeling, paralysis, weakness and stiffness in the back/shoulders/extremities.

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3
Q

What investigation would provide a definitive diagnosis?
70 y/o with progressive headaches and nausea, with gradual loss of sensation in her right arm.
Imaging reveals a mass in the temporal lobe.

A

Biopsy.

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4
Q

What investigation would provide a definitive diagnosis?
25 y/o boxer lost consciousness in final fight due to a punch to the head but was fine straight after. However, 4 hours later his GCS is 6/15.

A

CT scan.

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5
Q

What investigation would provide a definitive diagnosis?

25 y/o male developed sudden onset “worst ever” headache and collapsed.

A

CT angiography.

(Subarachnoid haemorrhage).

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