Clinical Correlation - Tuckman 2 Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Clinical Correlation - Tuckman 2 Deck (21)
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1
Q

CT 4 colors

A

black - air
dark grey - fat
light grey - muscles, vessels without contrast (soft tissue)
white - bone

2
Q

what modality is CT?

A

x-rays - interact w/ electrons - the more electron dense something is, the more x-rays are blocked -> more white

3
Q

first CT scans

A

only heads
10 slices at a time, 1cm thick
took 1 hour

4
Q

CT scans now

A

45 seconds
head to toe
can go as thin as 1mm thick (usually do 5mm)

5
Q

what are the windows you can assign to CT depending on what densities you want to see?

A
  • bone window
  • lung window
  • soft tissue window
6
Q

CT used for…

A

chest, abdomen and pelvis - less sensitive to motion

  • appendicitis
  • kidney stones
7
Q

the more fat you have in a tissue, how does color change?

A

gets darker

8
Q

what shape would a tumor show be?

A

sphere unless there is something inhibiting it, so no matter what way you cut it, it will show up as a circle

9
Q

where can you get granulomas?

A

spleen, lungs, liver - calcifications mostly from fungus (used to be from TB)

10
Q

which crus of diaphragm tends to start higher?

A

right crus

11
Q

how to differentiate splenic artery and vein

A

artery - tortuous

vein - straighter

12
Q

shapes of adrenal glands

A

long, Y-ish shaped things - if has a round thing = tumor

right more V shaped, left more Y shaped

13
Q

which is usually higher: tail or head of pancreas?

A

tail

14
Q

what is special about SMA that makes it easy to see?

A

always has fat around it

15
Q

what is more sensitive to gallstones than CT?

A

ultrasound

16
Q

whiter areas around edge of aorta (or vessels) signifies what?

A

atherosclerosis

17
Q

what does a narrowed renal artery lead to?

A

HTN - kidney controls bp (if less blood gets to kidney, it thinks you need higher bp, so increases it)

18
Q

how can you differentiate ileum from jejunum and colon?

A

ileum more gassy, not as big as colon and has no haustra

19
Q

what are surgeons expected to do for appendices?

A

never miss an abnormal one.. take out about 15% of normal ones due to oversuspicion

20
Q

normal appearance of appendix

A

has a little gas, thin walls

21
Q

reindeer sign

A

IVC + three hepatic veins