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Flashcards in Clinical Manifestations of Cancer Deck (7)
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1
Q

Cancer anorexia-cachexia syndrome defined as…

A

Involuntary loss of 5% of body weight
Shorter median survival
Do not respond as well to chemotherapy
Have more problems with toxicity

2
Q

Fatigue can be categorized into central or peripheral

A

Peripheral fatigue occurs in the neuromuscular junctions and muscles:
Lack of ATP and build up of lactic acid

Central fatigue arises in the CNS:
Difficulty in initiating or maintaining voluntary activities
May be secondary to dysregulation of serotonin and proinflammatory cytokines

3
Q

Paraneoplastic Syndromes

A

Collections of symptoms that result from substances produced by the tumor and occur remotely from the tumor itself
Most commonly associated with lung, breast and hematologic malignancies
SIADH
Hypercalcemia
Cushing syndrome
Hypoglycemia

4
Q

Cushing syndrome

A

Only 5-10% of all cases of Cushing syndrome are paraneoplastic
Associated cancers: 50-60% from Small cell lung cancer

5
Q

Cushing syndrome Lab Findings

A

Hypokalemia
Elevated baseline serum cortisol
Normal to elevated midnight serum ACTH
Not suppressed with dexamethasone

6
Q

Pure red cell aplasia

A

Most commonly associated with thymoma

May be caused by leukemia, lymphoma, myelodysplastic syndrome

7
Q

3 most common paraneoplastic syndromes

A

SIADH: Increased ADH production
Cushing syndrome: Increased ACTH production
Hypercalcemia: PTH related protein, Multiple myeloma or bony metastases