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Flashcards in Clinical rashes Deck (22)
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1
Q

Chronic inflammatory disease of the pilosebaceous unit

A

Acne vulgaris

2
Q

Mild acne

A

Scattered papules, pustules, comedones

3
Q

Moderate acne

A

Numerous papules, pustules and mild atrophic scarring

4
Q

Severe acne

A

Numerous papules, pustules, cysts, nodules, significant scarring

5
Q

Acne treatment

A

Topical treatment:
Benzoyl peroxide – keratolytic, antibacterial
Topical vitamin A derivatives (retinoid): eg adapalene – drying effect
topical antibiotics – antibacterial and anti-inflammatory

Systemic treatment:
Antibiotics
Isotretinoin (oral retinoid) – effect on sebaceous gland activity. Lot of side effects including initial aggravation of acne.

6
Q

Name a side effect of isotretinoin (used for acne)

A

Can initially aggravate acne

7
Q

Difference between acne and roasacea

A

No comedones in rosacea

8
Q

Factors exacerbating rosacea

A

Sudden change in temp, alcohol, spicy food

9
Q

How to reduce aggravating factors in Rosacea?

A

Reduce dietary triggers, wear high factor sunscreen, avoid topical steroids

10
Q

Antibiotics to use in Rosacea

A

TOPICAL metronidazole
Oral tetracycline long term

Isotretinoin low dose if severe
Telangiectasia : vascular laser
Rhinophyma: surgery/ laser shaving

11
Q

Bullous pemphigoid and pemphigus vulgaris, which is deeper?

A

Bullous pemphigoid = DEJ

Pemphigus = superficial, intra-epidermal

12
Q

What may be the initial presenting complaint in bullous pemphigoid?

A

itchy erythematous plaques and papules may be the presenting feature

13
Q

Mucosal lesions in bullous pemphigoid?

A

Not likely

–> pemphigus vulgaris usually

14
Q

Where would you develop bullous pemphigoid?

A

localized to one area, or widespread on the trunk and proximal limbs

15
Q

Where would you get pemphigus vulgaris?

A

Typically affects scalp, face, axillae, groins

16
Q

Investigations for bullous pemphigoid/pemphigus vulgaris?

A

Skin biospy with direct immunofluorescence

Indirect immunofluorescence

17
Q

Bullous pemphigoid/pemphigus vulgaris prognosis?

A

Chronic self- limiting course
Duration varies from months to years
Most patients achieve remission on treatment within 3 – 6 months
Pemphigus very high mortality if untreated
Pemphigoid up to 20% mortality I year treated

18
Q

Psoriasis symmetrical or non-symmetrical?

A

Symmetrical

Sharply demaracted, scaly, erythematous plaques

19
Q

Psoriatic nail diseas

A

Oncholysis
Nail pitting
Dystrophy
Subungal hyperkeratosis

20
Q

Treatment of psoriasis

A
Vitamin D analogues:
Calcipotriol (Dovonex) ointment 
Calcitriol (Silkis) ointment
Coal tar
Steroid ointments
21
Q

Retinoid

A

reduces skin turnover, can be used in psoriasis

22
Q

Fumaric acid ester

A

Disrupts lymphocytes, can be used in psoriasis