Flashcards in Clinically relevant anatomy of spinal nerves Deck (37):
1
What is contained within the anterior horn of the spinal cord?
Motor cell bodies
2
Somatic general sensory symptoms
Neuralgia
Paraesthesia
Anaesthesia
Hyperaesthesia
Thermal
Ataxia
3
Somatic motor symptoms
Muscle stiffness, tightness or spasm
Reduced tone or hypotonia
Reduced power
Ataxia
4
Common upper limb and trunk dermatomes
C2 - back of scalp and adams apple
C3 - back of neck and jugular notch
C4 - clavicle and shoulder tip
C5 - regimental badge area
C6 - thumb
C7 - middle finger
C8 - little finger
T1 - middle forearm
T2 - medial arm and sternal angle
T4 - nipple
T10- umbilicus
T12 - pubic symphysis
5
Common lower limb dermatomes
L1 - groin
L2 - anterior thigh
L3 - anterior knee
L4 - medial malleolus
L5 - dorsum of foot
S1 - heel
S2 - posterior knee
S3 - buttock
S4 - perineum
S5 - perianal skin
6
What does dermatomal testing allow you to check the integrity of?
Dorsal rootlets
Dorsal roots
Spinal nerve
7
What does a dermatomal and myotomal indicate a problem with?
Spinal nerve
8
Do posterior rami form plexuses?
No - anterior rami
9
Do T2-T12 form a plexus?
No - they form the intercostal nerves to supply the anterolateral trunk wall and the subcostal nerve
10
Cervical plexus
Little, Goats, Tread, Softly
Lesser occipital nerve
Greater auricular nerve
Transverse cervical nerve
Supraclavicular nerve
11
Where does the lesser occipital nerve supply?
Skin posterior to the external ear
12
Where does the great auricular nerve supply?
Skin over angle of mandible and external ear
13
Where does the transverse cervical nerve supply?
Skin over anterior neck
14
Where does the supraclavicular nerve supply?
Skin over the clavicle and shoulder tip
15
What is the nerve point of the neck?
Where sensory nerves of the cervical plexus converge to pass from superficial to deep fascia
Found at the midpoint of the posterior border of the SCM
16
Which nerve supplies the anatomical snuff box?
Cutaneous branch of the radial nerve
17
Which anterior rami will refer pain from the myocardium?
T1 and T2
18
Somatosensory part of brain?
Postcentral gyrus in the parietal lobe
19
Which ascending track is for pain?
Spinothalamic
20
What does the cervical plexus of C1-4 supply?
Neck postural and strap muscles
Diaphragm
21
What does the brachial plexus of C5-T1 supply?
Muscles of upper limb
Extrinsic back muscles
22
What do the T2-L3 motor axons supply?
Postural back muscles via posterior rami
Intercostal muscles via anterior rami
Anterolateral abdominal wall muscles
23
What does the lumbosacral plexus of L1-S4 supply?
Muscles of lower limb
Perianal skeletal muscles
24
What is the C5 myotome?
Shoulder abduction via deltoid muscle
25
What is the C6 myotome?
Elbow flexion via biceps brachii
26
What is the C7 myotome?
Elbow extension via triceps brachii
27
What is the C8 myotome?
Finger flexion via flexion digitorum superficialis
28
What is the T1 myotome?
Finger abduction via dorsal interossei
29
What is the L3 myotome?
Knee extension via quadriceps femoris
30
What is the L2 myotome?
Hip flexion via psoas major and iliacus
31
What is the L4 myotome?
Ankle dorsiflexion via tibialis anterior
32
What is the L5 myotome?
Great toe extension via extensor hallucis longus
33
What is the S1 myotome?
Ankle plantarflexion via gastrocnemius
34
What is the S2 myotome?
Knee flexion via biceps femoris
35
What does an upper motor neurone lesion result in?
Spasticity
36
What does a lower motor neurone lesion result in?
Flaccidity
37