Concussions; P.C.S. and C.T.E.

Question 1

Excitatory neurotransmitters released as a result of injury cause the brain to enter a state of ____________ which can last ____ to ____ days.

Answer 1

HYPERMETABOLISM
+
7 to 10 DAYS

(succeptable to re-injury in this time)

Question 2

Is concussion considered a diffuse or focal brain injury?

Answer 2

DIFFUSE

Question 3

Describe diplopia, a symptom of concussion?

Answer 3

DOUBLE VISION

Question 4

Can someone with a concussion drink?

Answer 4

ONE DRINK DRUNK

Question 5

What 3 things should be avoided post concussion?

Answer 5

ALCOHOL
\+
ASPIRIN (blood thinner)
\+
ATHLETICS (until neuro status normal)

Question 6

How should massage be performed on someone with a concussion?

Answer 6

RELAXATION BASED
+
SIMPLE and SHORT

Question 7

What is the big concern 3 days following a concussion?

Answer 7

HEMATOMA

Question 8

The controversial Post-Concussion Syndrome (PCS) is usually diagnosed when symptoms exceed ____ months, and may take a year or more to go away.

Answer 8

3 MONTHS

Question 9

Name the condition occurring in individuals with a history of multiple concussions, or sub-concussions?

Answer 9

CHRONIC TRAUMATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY (CTE)

Question 10

With CTE, damage is widely distributed small lesions involving Alzheimer’s-like _____ protein abnormalities.

Answer 10

TAU PROTEIN

Question 11

Describe the 3 stages of the clinical presentation of CTE?

Answer 11

STAGE 1 - MOOD, CONFUSION, DEPRESSION, MEMORY CHANGES
STAGE 2 - MORE EXTREME, PEOPLE NOTICE - ALZHEIMER’S LIKE
STAGE 3 - DEMENTIA/PSYCHOSIS, DEPENDENT