Conditions and Symptomatology Flashcards Preview

Physical Diagnosis II Exam One > Conditions and Symptomatology > Flashcards

Flashcards in Conditions and Symptomatology Deck (25)
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1
Q

What is dyspnea?

A

Shortness of breath and/or wheezing

2
Q

Clear or white sputum (phlegm) is associated with what kind of respiratory tract infection causing agents?

A

Viral

3
Q

What color sputum is SUGGESTIVE but not DEFINITIVE of a bacterial infection?

A

Yellow/green colored and maybe blood-streaked

4
Q

What is hemoptysis?

A

Bloody or blood-stained sputum coughed up from pharynx, trachea, larynx, bronchi, or lungs

5
Q

What kind of sputum is associated with pneumococcal/ lobar pneumonia?

A

Rusty (blood in terminal airway mixing with air)

6
Q

What would cause sputum to be pink and frothy?

A

Air mixing with blood not as deep in the airways (example = pulmonary edema)

7
Q

What is the pain sensitive part of the lungs?

A

Pleura

8
Q

When do lung conditions become painful?

A

When blood supply is cut off (examples = pulmonary embolus or pleural inflammation)

9
Q

Pleurisy would present with what kind of breathing pattern?

A

Hypopnea (shallow breaths)

10
Q

Increased fremitus would indicate what kind of pathology?

A

Lobar pneumonia (consolidation)

11
Q

Decreased or absent fremitus would indicate what kind of pathologies?

A

Pleural effusion or pneumothorax

12
Q

Hyper-resonant percussive notes over the lung fields are indicative of what pathology?

A

Advanced emphysema (inflated alveoli)

13
Q

Flat or dull percussive notes in the wrong area are indicative of what pathologies?

A

1 consolidation
2 pleural effusion
3 large tumor

14
Q

Tympanic percussive notes in the lung field are indicative of what pathology?

A

Spontaneous of traumatic pneumothorax

15
Q

What pathologies would cause a relative, increased intensity of bread sounds at a contralateral point in the opposite lung?

A

1 consolidating pneumonia (MC)
2 atelectasis
3 large tumor

16
Q

Why does consolidating pneumonia cause increased intensity of breath sounds and a longer expiratory phase?

A

Solids/fluid conduct sound vibration better than air

17
Q

What could cause diminished or absent breath sounds at a contralateral point?

A

1 large airway obstruction
2 pneumothorax
3 pleural effusion (serous or bloody fluid)
4 pleural thickening (fibrosis or tumor)

18
Q

Why does a large airway obstruction decrease or silence the breath sounds?

A

Sound vibrations stop at obstruction and don’t continue to chest wall

19
Q

Why do pleural effusions or pneumothorax decrease or silence the breath sounds?

A

Pleural filters increase distance between stethoscope and lungs decreasing the chance of hearing them

20
Q

What is the lay term for acute bronchitis?

A

Chest cold

21
Q

Why is there no fever associated with acute bronchitis?

A

Viral infection (not bacterial)

22
Q

Which is a bacterial infection: acute bronchitis or lobar pneumonia?

A

Lobar pneumonia

23
Q

What is the patient profile for chronic bronchitis?

A

50 year old adult exposed to cigarette smoke or pullution

24
Q

What is the major symptom of chronic bronchitis?

A

Chronic productive cough over years

25
Q

Individuals with what condition are more likely to develop spontaneous pneumothorax?

A

Marfan Syndrome