Congenital Heart Disease Flashcards Preview

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Flashcards in Congenital Heart Disease Deck (17)
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1
Q

Acyanosis presentation

Cyanotic presentation

Eisenmenger syndrome aka

A

Pink lips/oral mucosa

Blue baby

Tardive/Late onset cyanosis

2
Q

L to R Shunt

A

Acyanotic, inc pulm blood flow
Recirc of oxygenated blood
No dec O2 sats
ASD/VSD/PDA/AV canal

3
Q

L to R shunt pathway

Complications

A

Late cyanosis- overcirc of lungs, PHTN, PVR inc, RVH, shunt reverses and get cyanosis

Sudden death

4
Q

ASD Flow murmur

A

Excess flow across RVOT

Higher pressure in LA
Mostly due to secundum

5
Q

VSD
Large
Small
Types

A

higher pressure in LV

At birth with HF
After 2-6 weeks, murmur
Perimembranous»Infundibular or muscular

6
Q

AV Septal defect

Associated with

A

Failure of fusion of endocardial cushions
Large septal defect involving lower atrial septum and membranous ventricular septum

Down syndrome

7
Q

PDA murmur

Treatment

A

Harsh, continuous

1 surgical ligation
Trascatheter coil occlusion
Medically (indomethacin PGEI)

8
Q

ToF

May also have

A

Autosuperior mal-alignment of indfundibular septum

Valvular PS, RAA, ASD, absent ductus

9
Q

(D) TGA

Anatomy

Repair options

A

Conotruncal error during organogenesis and looping of heart

Ventriculoarterial discordance with RV connecting to aorta, LV with PA

Arterial swith or atrial/venous switch (mustard)

10
Q

(L) Congenitally corrected TGA

Results in

A

Ventricular inversion (corrects) transposition

Ventriculoarterial and atrioventricular discordance

RA to LV to PA to Lungs
LA to RV to Ao

11
Q

Truncus arteriosus

A

Failure to divide Truncus into aorta and PA

12
Q

TAPVR

A

Pulmonary veins train into the L innominate V, coronary sinus, portal venous system

13
Q

Coarctation

Association

With PDA

W/o PDA

A

Narrowing of aorta

Infantile- proximal to PDA
Adult- aortic lumen, after SCA

Turner’s syndrome

Early sx, require surgery

Asx, UE HTN and weak LE pulses later

14
Q

Turner syndrome presentation

A
Female, short
webbed neck
streak ovaries
coarctation
BAV
15
Q

Congenital AS with Atresia in Neonate

Neonatal critical aortic Valve stenosis

Subvalvular (subaortic) stenosis

A

Small/dysplastic obstructive cusp tissue with diminutive valve ring
If severe, can lead to HLHS (LV and AA hypoplasia and LV endocardial fibroelastosis

Ring/collar

16
Q

Williams Syndrome (Supravalvular AS)

A

Elfin facies (lateral upper eyelid fullness, small nose and full lips)
Hypercalcemia and irritability
Cocktail party personality
Mental retardation

May have thickening/constriction of aortic wall

17
Q

Noonan

A
Short, webbed neck
Epicanthal folds
Ptosis
Hypertelorism
Ear malformation
Hypoplastic nipples
Shield Chest/Pectus Exc
Cryptochidism

PS/ASD
Dysplastic valves
HCM (RV and LV)
MVP