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Ethics War > CPA Code of Ethics > Flashcards

CPA Code of Ethics Flashcards

1
Q

The CPA Code of Ethics is a social contract that emphasizes a commitment for psychologists to provide a higher duty of care to who? (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 3)

A

Psychologists place a higher duty of care on the members of society, which outweighs the general duty of care members of society have to one another.

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2
Q

The CPA Code of Ethics has a commitment to place the welfare of __________ above the welfare of __________ (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 3)

A
  1. Society/individuals of society.

2. The discipline and its own members.

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3
Q

What is the purpose of the CPA Code of Ethics?

A

The CPA Code of Ethics is a social contract which assures psychologists will uphold ethical attitudes and behaviours, while conducting the affairs of the discipline (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 3).

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4
Q

The CPA Code of Ethics attempts to assure ethical attitudes and behaviours will include what? (Hint: there are 5 parts to this answer) (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 3)

A
  1. Articulating ethical principles, values, and standards.
  2. Promoting those principles, values, and standards through education, supervision, peer modelling, & consultation.
  3. Developing/implementing methods to monitor the ethics of one’s attitudes/behaviours.
  4. Adjudicating complaints of unethical behaviour.
  5. Taking corrective action when warranted.
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5
Q

Why are the four ethical principles ordered according to weight? (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 4).

A

During the ethical decision making process, the principles may conflict with one another, making it difficult to balance each principle when deciding on a course of action. The principles are ordered according to the weight (or emphasis) each principle should be given when they are in conflict during an ethical dilemma.

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6
Q

What are the 4 ethical principles (in order)? (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 4).

A
  1. Respect for the dignity of persons and peoples.
  2. Responsible caring.
  3. Integrity in relationships.
  4. Responsibility to society.
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7
Q

Principle I: Respect for the dignity of persons and peoples is typically given the highest weight/priority during the ethical decision making process. There is an exception to this, however. What is this exception? (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 4).

A

When there is clear/imminent danger of bodily harm to someone else.

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8
Q

Principle II: Responsible caring, Principle III: Integrity in relationships, and Principle IV: Responsibility to society should all be carried out in ways that respect what? (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 4).

A

Respect the dignity of persons and peoples.

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9
Q

When psychologists encounter an ethical dilemma, they are encouraged and expected to consult with who? (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 5).

A

Individuals/groups affected by the ethical dilemma (when appropriate), colleagues, and advisory boards.

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10
Q

The code is intended to guide psychologists in their everyday conduct, planning, and thinking; in addition to the resolution of ethical questions, issues, and dilemmas. This can be referred to as __________ ethics and ____________ ethics (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 5).

A
  1. Proactive ethics.

2. Reactive ethics.

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11
Q

What are the three uses of the code? (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 5-6).

A
  1. To guide psychologists in proactive and reactive ethics.
  2. To serve as an umbrella document for the development of codes of conduct (or other specific codes).
  3. Assist in the adjudication of complaints against psychologists.
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12
Q

According to the CPA Code of Ethics, ethical action depends foremost on what? (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 6).

A

The integrity of each individual psychologist.

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13
Q

The code is intended to guide and regulate what types of activities? (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 7).

A

Only the activities a psychologist engages in by virtue of being a psychologist.

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14
Q

When does the personal behaviour of a psychologist become a concern, according to the CPA Code of Ethics? (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 7).

A

Only when the personal behaviour of the psychologist undermines the trust in the discipline, or whether the behaviour raises questions regarding the ability of the psychologist to carry out their responsibilities as a psychologist.

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15
Q

The Universal Declaration of Ethical Principles for Psychologists was created in 2008. What is the declaration? (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 7).

A

The declaration is not a code of ethics - it is a template/ethical framework to guide the development/evolution of psychology ethics codes around the world.

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16
Q

Principle I: Respect for the dignity of persons and peoples includes the concepts of what? (Hint: these are the main concepts found in the value statement) (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 11).

A

Equal inherent worth, non-discrimination, moral rights, and distributive, social, and natural justice.

17
Q

What are the 10 ethical values under Principle I: Respect for the dignity of persons and peoples (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 12-17).

A
  1. General respect
  2. General rights
  3. Non-discrimination
  4. Fair treatment/due process
  5. Informed consent
  6. Freedom of consent
  7. Protection for vulnerable individuals and groups
  8. Privacy
  9. Confidentiality
  10. Extended responsibility
18
Q

According to the value statement of Principle I and Principle II, psychologists have the greatest responsibility to persons and peoples in a ______________ position. (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 12 and 19).

A

Vulnerable (side note: when vulnerabilities of persons/peoples increase, or when the power to control one’s environment/life decreases, psychologists have a greater responsibility to seek ethical advice, and to establish safeguards to protect the moral rights (Principle I) and the well-being/best interests (Principle II) of individuals and groups involved.

19
Q

What are the 8 ethical values under Principle II: Responsible caring? (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 19-24).

A
  1. General caring
  2. Competence and self-knowledge
  3. Risk/benefit analysis
  4. Maximize benefit
  5. Minimize harm
  6. Offset/correct harm
  7. Care of animals
  8. Extended responsibility
20
Q

According to the value statement of Principle II, combining responsible caring with _______________ is one of the best methods to demonstrate considerable ethical protection for the well-being/best interests of the individuals involved. (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 18).

A

Informed consent

21
Q

According to Principle II, it is extremely important for psychologists to demonstrate competence and self-knowledge. Incompetent action is considered to be ____________ as it is unlikely to be of benefit and may be harmful. (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 18).

A

Unethical

22
Q

According to the value statement of Principle III, what is considered vital to the advancement of scientific knowledge and to the maintenance of public confidence in the discipline of psychology? (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 25).

A

Mutual expectations of integrity (side note: these expectations include a commitment to truthfulness, such as accuracy/honesty; straightforwardness/openness; maximization of objectivity/minimization of bias; and avoidance of conflicts of interest. Psychologists have a responsibility to meet these expectations and to encourage reciprocity).

23
Q

What are the 7 ethical values under Principle III: Integrity in Relationships? (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 26-30).

A
  1. Accuracy/honesty
  2. Objectivity/lack of bias
  3. Straightforwardness/openness
  4. Avoidance of incomplete disclosure and deception
  5. Avoidance of conflict of interest
  6. Reliance on the discipline
  7. Extended responsibility
24
Q

According to the value statement of Principle III, under what circumstances would it be appropriate to not act with full open and straightforward disclosure? (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 25).

A

Fully open/straightforward disclosure may not be needed or desired by others. In some cases, full disclosure could risk the client’s dignity, well-being, best interests, and could be considered culturally inappropriate (side note: if psychologists are not acting with full open/straightforward disclosure, this decision must be justified by higher order values and cannot invalidate any informed consent procedures).

25
Q

According to the value statement of Principle III, psychologists may need to use incomplete disclosure or deception in research. If they are to do so, what serious obligations must be followed? (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 25).

A

Psychologists have a serious obligation to correct any resulting mistrust or other harmful effects.

26
Q

According to the value statement of Principle IV, what are the two legitimate expectations of psychology as a science and a profession? (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 31).

A

It will increase knowledge and it will conduct its affairs in a way that will promote the welfare of all human beings.

27
Q

According to the value statement of Principle IV, psychologists will ensure psychological knowledge, used in the development of social structures/policies, will be used for what type of purposes? (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 31)

A

Just and beneficial purposes (side note: these purposes are defined as upholding respect for the dignity of persons and peoples, responsible caring, integrity in relationships, and responsibility to society. Furthermore, if psychological knowledge is used against these purposes, it is the psychologists’ responsibility to bring attention to and correct these misuses).

28
Q

What are the 5 ethical values under Principle IV: Responsibility to Society? (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 32-35).

A
  1. Development of knowledge
  2. Beneficial activities
  3. Respect for society
  4. Development of society
  5. Extended responsibility
29
Q

What are the 10 steps for ethical decision making according to the CPA Code of Ethics (CPA Code of Ethics, p. 4-5).

A
  1. Identify individuals/groups affected by the decision.
  2. Identification of ethically relevant issues/practices.
  3. Consideration of how one’s own biases and backgrounds may influence the development and choice between courses of action.
  4. Develop alternative courses of action.
  5. Analysis of the short-term, ongoing, and long-term risks and benefits of each course of action.
  6. Choice of action (apply principles, values, and standards).
  7. Action (and assuming responsibility for the action).
  8. Evaluation of the course of action.
  9. Assumption of responsibility (and correcting any negative consequences, or re-engaging in the ethical decision making process if the dilemma has not been resolved).
  10. Appropriate action to prevent future occurrences of the dilemma.
30
Q

What are the four ethical principles in the CPA code of ethics?

A
  1. Respect for the dignity of persons
  2. Responsible caring
  3. Integrity in relationships
  4. Responsibility to society

Ethics War (25 decks)

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